Musculoskeletal injuries are very frequent and are responsible for causing pain and impairment of muscle function, as well as significant functional limitations. In the acute phase, the most prescribed treatment is with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), despite their questionable effectiveness. However, the use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in musculoskeletal disorders has been increasing in the last few years, and this therapy appears to be an interesting alternative to the traditional drugs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effects of PBMT, with different application doses, and topical NSAIDs, under morphological and functional parameters, during an acute inflammatory process triggered by a controlled model of musculoskeletal injury induced via contusion in rats. Muscle injury was induced by means of a single trauma to the animals' anterior tibialis muscle. After 1 h, the rats were treated with PBMT (830 nm; continuous mode, with a power output of 100 mW; 3.57 W/cm; 1 J-35.7 J/cm, 3 J-107.1 J/cm, and 9 J-321.4 J/cm; 10, 30, and 90 s) or diclofenac sodium for topical use (1 g). Morphological analysis (histology) and functional analysis (muscle work) were performed, 6, 12, and 24 h after induction of the injury. PBMT, with all doses tested, improved morphological changes caused by trauma; however, the 9 J (321.4 J/cm) dose was the most effective in organizing muscle fibers and cell nuclei. On the other hand, the use of diclofenac sodium produced only a slight improvement in morphological changes. Moreover, we observed a statistically significant increase of muscle work in the PBMT 3 J (107.1 J/cm) group in relation to the injury group and the diclofenac group (p < 0.05). The results of the present study indicate that PBMT, with a dose of 3 J (107.1 J/cm), is more effective than the other doses of PBMT tested and NSAIDs for topical use as a means to improve morphological and functional alterations due to muscle injury from contusion.

Muscle injuries trigger an inflammatory process, releasing important biochemical markers for tissue regeneration. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the treatment of choice to promote pain relief due to muscle injury. NSAIDs exhibit several adverse effects and their efficacy is questionable. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been demonstrated to effectively modulate inflammation induced from musculoskeletal disorders and may be used as an alternative to NSAIDs. Here, we assessed and compared the effects of different doses of PBMT and topical NSAIDs on biochemical parameters during an acute inflammatory process triggered by a controlled model of contusion-induced musculoskeletal injury in rats. Muscle injury was induced by trauma to the anterior tibial muscle of rats. After 1 h, rats were treated with PBMT (830 nm, continuous mode, 100 mW of power, 35.71 W/cm; 1, 3, and 9 J; 10, 30, and 90 s) or diclofenac sodium (1 g). Our results demonstrated that PBMT, 1 J (35.7 J/cm), 3 J (107.1 J/cm), and 9 J (321.4 J/cm) reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) genes at all assessed times as compared to the injury and diclofenac groups (p < 0.05). The diclofenac group showed reduced levels of COX-2 only in relation to the injury group (p < 0.05). COX-2 protein expression remained unchanged with all therapies except with PBMT at a 3-J dose at 12 h (p < 0.05 compared to the injury group). In addition, PBMT (1, 3, and 9 J) effectively reduced levels of cytokines TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 at all assessed times as compared to the injury and diclofenac groups (p < 0.05). Thus, PBMT at a 3-J dose was more effective than other doses of PBMT and topical NSAIDs in the modulation of the inflammatory process caused by muscle contusion injuries.

RESUMOAtualmente pessoas que praticam exercícios físicos em academias vêm crescendo. Entretanto, um grande número de mulheres sedentárias, e que praticam atividade física, demonstram desconhecimento acerca da importância de realizar o fortalecimento do assoalho pélvico durante toda a vida, pois esta musculatura sustenta órgãos importantes. Objetivo da pesquisa é comparar o grau de força muscular do assoalho pélvico entre os grupos de mulheres sedentárias e de mulheres praticantes de atividade física nas acadêmicas de Belém do Pará. A amostra em estudo é do tipo intencional, constituída por 10 mulheres que praticam atividade física e sedentárias, com faixa etárias 20 a 35 anos, submetidas à anamnese e avaliação da força muscular do assoalho pélvico, foram adotados dois meios de avaliação, o AFA, e pelo aparelho Myofeedback com o recurso do biofeedback. Obtiveram-se os resultados do teste de Mann-Whitney com o p-valor = 0.0275, observando que a força muscular das mulheres sedentárias é inferior às praticantes. No resultado do p-valor = 0.0105 identificou que a relação entre a idade e a força foi significante, mostrando que conforme a idade for aumentando ocorre uma alteração da força muscular. De acordo com p-valor = 0.0105 e p-valor < 0.005, pode-se observar que o peso também pode interferir na força do assoalho pélvico. Verificou-se, que há diferença de força, entre mulheres sedentárias e praticantes, pois as mulheres do grupo de praticantes, obtiveram resultados superiores de grau de força durante a avaliação, sendo então observado diferentes tipos de força, como AFA, força máxima e resistência. Palavras-Chave: Fisioterapia. Assoalho Pélvico. Atividade Física. Sedentárias. Biofeedback. MUSCLE STRENGTH ASSESSMENT THE PELVIC FLOOR IN SEDENTARY WOMEN AND PRACTICING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ABSTRACTCurrently people who practice physical exercises in gyms are growing. However, a large number of sedentary women, who practice physical activity, demonstrate ignorance about the importance of holding strengthening the pelvic floor throughout life, as this muscle sustains major organs. The search goal is to compare the degree of muscle strength of the pelvic floor between the groups of sedentary women and women engaged in physical activity in Belém do Pará academic. The sample in question is intentional, consisting of 10 women who practice physical activity and sedentary with age range 20-35 years submitted to an interview and evaluation of muscular strength of the pelvic floor, were adopted two means of evaluation the AFA, and the Myofeedback device with biofeedback feature. Were obtained the results of the Mann-Whitney test with p-value = 0.0275, noting that the muscle strength of sedentary women is lower than practitioners. The result p-value = 0.0105 which identified the

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HIV/AIDS OF A REFERENCE UNIT FROM BELÉM-PAABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS presents as a chronic problem, not distinguishing sex, socioeconomic status or age, affecting the elderly, too. The objective of this study was to verify the clinical and epidemiological profile of elderly patients with HIV/AIDS of a Reference Unit from Belém-PA. It was a retrospective descriptive-analytic study that used medical records of the 2000-2013 years. Of the 1,134 records medical analyzed, only 23 showed the admission record aged greater than or equal 60 years. Of the 23 selected medical records for this study, the majority was male (82.61%), aged 60-69 years (95.65%), married (56.52%), with incomplete primary (39 , 12%), from Belém or metropolitan area (73.91%), no acquired coinfection HIV / AIDS (60.86%), made use of antiretroviral therapy (91.30%) and was in continuity of treatment. It was estimated that this sample be greater than this one presented because of underreported and "non-diagnostic" in elderly.

A hanseníase permanece, ainda hoje, com consideráveis níveis de registros no Brasil, capaz de causar efeitos psicossociais permanentes e até mesmo incapacidades físicas. Objetivos: Analisar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos diagnosticados com Hanseníase no SINAN, relacionando-o com variáveis clínicas, geográficas e evolução da incidência da doença nos últimos 10 anos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional e retrospectivo, em que os dados foram extraídos do SINAN. Resultados: Foram encontrados 867.687 casos de pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase, de 2011 a 2020, com 2020 registrando cerca de 67% de redução de casos em relação ao ano anterior. Dentre os pacientes, os maiores registros foram entre homens, pardos, de baixa escolaridade, entre 30 e 49 anos, da forma multibacilar e dimorfa, sendo que os maiores índices permaneceram nas Regiões Norte e Nordeste. Conclusão: A diminuição de registros do último ano pode ter sido por conta de maiores efetividades nos serviços de saúde ou por conta da pandemia de COVID-19, ainda assim, por conta da persistência do perfil epidemiológico relacionado ao baixo desenvolvimento social, evidencia-se a necessidade de melhorias da qualidade de vida da população com o objetivo de interromper o ciclo de transmissão da doença.