During each of 36 1-month periods from April 1979 to March 1982, 3-4 goats selected from typical farms were necropsied and examined for gastrointestinal nematodes. The goats were male, 12 months old, born on the farm and raised without any anthelmintic application. At the beginning of each month, from April 1981 to March 1982, three 12-month-old male goats shown to be free of gastrointestinal nematodes after anthelmintic treatment were grazed with a flock of naturally infected goats (tracer goats). At the end of each month, these goats were placed on a cement-floored pen and were maintained there for 4 weeks prior to necropsy and examination for gastrointestinal nematodes. Every goat examined was found to be parasitized by more than one species of nematode. Haemonchus contortus, Strongyloides papillosus and Oesophagostomum columbianum were the most prevalent nematodes found. Total worm burdens present in the farm animals were highest during late rainy/early dry season (March-June) and lowest in mid-rainy season (January-February). The acquisition of nematodes by tracer goats occurred mainly from mid-rainy to early dry season (January-June).
A cada período médio de 30 dias (25 a 56 dias) compreendidos entre 08 de janeiro de 1988 e 11 de maio de 1990, dois ovinos deslanados, machos, com idade entre três a seis meses de idade, livres de vermes, eram colocados para pastejar juntamente com um rebanho naturalmente infectado. Após o período de pastejo, os animais permaneciam estabulados por 14-21 dias quando eram submetidos à necropsia para coleta, contagem e identificação dos nematódeos adquiridos. Haemonchus contortus foi o nematódeo mais prevalente (80,0%), seguido do Trichostrongylus spp. (T. axei e T. colubriformis) e Oxperia spp. (C. pectinata e C. punctata) presentes em 72,0% dos animais examinados, Oesophagostomum radiatum e Stcoagyloides papillosus estavam presentes em 56,0% e 38,0% dos animais examinados, respectivamente. O número médio de H. contortus variou de 510 na estação seca a 2157 na chuvosa, sendo o número médio de larvas de quarto estágio desse nematódeo de 499 na estação chuvosa (23% do total adquirido no período) e 416 na seca (81,6% do total médio adquirido no período). O número médio de Trichostrongylus spp. (T. axei e T. colubriformis), Cooperia spp. (C. pectinata and C. punctata), O. columbianum e S. papillous variou de 89, 89, 17 e 5 na estação seca a 497, 109, 93 e 284 na chuvosa, respectivamente. A transmissão das várias espécies ocorreu principalmente no meado da estação chuvosa até o início da estação seca.
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