The aim: Improve the treatment outcomes of patients with fluid collections following acute pancreatitis using an ultrasound-guided puncture and catheter drainage methods. Materials and methods: 67 patients with acute pancreatitis complicated by fluid collections were divided into two groups. The first group (comparison group) consisted of 32 patients who underwent percutaneous ultrasound-guided puncture and catheter drainage interventions in addition to conservative therapy. The second group (control group) consisted of 35 patients receiving conservative therapy. The age of patients was from 18 to 77 years. In the comparison group among 32 patients there were 19 women and 13 men, the average age consisted 48.2 ± 2.2 years. In the control group among 35 patients there were 21 women and 14 men, the average age of patients consisted 47.1 ± 2.3 years. Results: The mortality rate in the comparison group was 2 (6.2%) cases, in the control group – 4 (11.4%) cases (p <0.05). Infection of fluid collections developed in 2 (6.2%) patients of the comparison group and in 5 (14.3%) patients of the control group. The average length of stay in the hospital of patients in the comparison group was 24.13 ± 2.17 days, in the control group 28.11 ± 1.05 days (p <0.05). Also in the comparison group there was a faster normalization of clinical and laboratory indicators (level of leukocytes, serum amylase, C-reactive protein) (p <0,05). Conclusions: the use of percutaneous ultrasound-guided puncture and catheter drainage methods has reduced mortality and improved treatment outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis complicated by fluid collections

Aims. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of mortality in acute pancreatitis with clinical and simple laboratory data received on the day of admission. Patients and methods. In our retrospective study, the clinical and laboratory parameters of 99 patients with moderate and severe acute pancreatitis were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups: deceased and survivors. Results. We did not find a significant difference in age and gender distribution between the comparison groups. However, a significant predominance of alcoholic etiology of acute pancreatitis, early hospitalization (up to 6 hours from the onset of the disease) of patients, and the number of necrotizing infected type in the deceased group were found. Concomitant pathology did not significantly differ in comparison groups. In patients from the deceased group, the total number of all complications was significantly higher than in the group of survivors-21 (100%) and 42 (53.8%) (p = 0.0001), respecting. Among the laboratory parameters determined on the day of admission, in the deceased group, there was a significant increase in stabs to 19.8 ± 9.8 and ESR, AST to 225.3 ± 47.5 U/L, urea to 11.2 ± 7.7 mmol/L, and creatinine to 173.6 ± 26.1 mmol/L. Conclusion. The alcoholic genesis of acute pancreatitis, necrotizing infected type of inflammation of the pancreas, presence of late complications, and comorbidities were significantly higher in the deceased group. The levels of stabs, ESR, AST, urea, and creatinine determined on the admission significantly dominated in the deceased group, which requires further study for the prediction of mortality of acute pancreatitis.

The aim: To identify the association of clinical and simple laboratory data determined during hospitalization of the patient with severity of acute pancreatitis. Materials and methods: Clinical and laboratory parameters of 229 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups depending on the severity of acute pancreatitis: in the group with mild AP were 130 (56.8%) patients and the group, which included moderately severe and severe degree of AP consisted of 99 (43.2%) patients. Results: The association of the age group of 61-70 years with the severity of acute pancreatitis was revealed (p 0.05). We did not find an association between the causes of acute pancreatitis and its severity. In the group with moderate-severe acute pancreatitis, the frequency of concomitant pathology was significantly higher than in the group with mild acute pancreatitis – 92.9% (92) and 78.5% (102) cases (p<0.05). The association between the severity of acute pancreatitis and the following laboratory parameters: blood sugar, leukocyte levels, the level of stabs, lymphocytes, total protein, serum amylase, urinary diastase, creatinine, ALT, AST, prothrombin index, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was revealed (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study did not reveal a significant difference between compared groups in the time of hospitalization; found no association between the causes of acute pancreatitis and its severity. Instead, the association between female sex, the presence of concomitant pathology and some routine laboratory findings with the severity of acute pancreatitis was proved.

Annotation. Analysis of recent publications on the definition of fluid accumulation in patients with complicated forms of acute pancreatitis and the possibility of their correction by minimally invasive methods according to the clinic, analysis of a clinical case that demonstrates the possibility of staged percutaneous drainage of fluid accumulation in acute infected necrotic pancreatic. The results of treatment of 622 patients who were hospitalized in the surgical department of MNPE City Clinical Hospital of Ambulance and Emergency Care during 2020 were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 48.2±2.2 years. The patient examination plan included a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. Puncture and drainage of fluid accumulations were performed under local anesthesia under ultrasound control using a linear sensor with a frequency of 7.5 MHz in gray-scale mode. Statistical data processing was performed by the method of mathematical statistics with StatSoft Statistica 6.0 software and Microsoft Office Excel. It is established that the cause of acute pancreatitis in 270 (43.4%) patients was a biliary factor, in 155 (24.9%) – alcohol, 135 (21.7%) – acute pancreatitis developed on the background of triglyceridemia, in 21 (3.4%) the patient had postoperative pancreatitis, medical – in 8 (1.3%) patients and without establishing a clear etiology – in 33 (5.3%) patients. In order to eliminate fluid accumulations in 12 (1.9% of the majority of patients with acute pancreatitis and 7.6% of 157 with fluid accumulations) patients were used percutaneous puncture-drainage method under ultrasound control, among them in 5 cases the method was used to eliminate fluid accumulations due to acute peripancreatic fluid accumulation, in 2 cases – acute necrotic effusion, limited necrosis – in 2 cases, and pancreatic pseudocyst – in 3 cases. A clinical case of acute necrotic pancreatitis complicated by the development of acute necrotic effusion is presented, for the treatment of which a combination of transcutaneous minimally invasive and open surgical methods of treatment was used at different stages of the disease. So, fluid accumulations around the pancreas belong to the local complications of acute pancreatitis and are recommended for correction by conservative or minimally invasive methods. The question of choosing the optimal minimally invasive method of treatment requires an individual approach. This clinical case demonstrated the possibility of using puncture-drainage method under the ultrasound control as a “step-up” intervention in early stage of treatment and allowed to postpone the open surgery.

To improve the immediate results of surgical treatment of patients with perforated gastroduodenal ulcers using minimally invasive correction and an integrated treatment. The results of 253 patients with perforated gastroduodenal ulcers who were treated from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed. Chronic ulcers were found in 82 (32%) cases among all gastric ulcers, acute ones constituted 42 (16%) cases. Chronic duodenal ulcers reached 94 (37%), acute ones constituted 35 (14%). The diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 13 (5%) patients, in 8 (3%) patients the perforated hole was sutured laparoscopically and in 5 (2%) patients the conversion was performed. Abdominocentesis with preoperative abdominal cavity drainage was carried out in 45(18%) patients. Through this drainage after exudate evacuation 200 ml of dekasan solution was injected. In 119 cultures of abdominal exudates with determinate pathogenic microflora Enterococcus faecalis dominated - 31 patients (26%). Among the postoperative complications the failure of intestinal sutures was observed in 4 (1.5%) patients. Postoperative mortality was 11.5%. Progression of multiple organ failure became the cause of mortality in 17 (59%) patients. Thus, the time from the moment of perforation till the moment of surgery must not be the sole criterion in the choice of method of operative intervention, and it is insufficient as an absolute indicator for the possibility of the radical surgical procedures (gastric resection). Undoubtedly laparoscopic suturing of the perforated gastroduodenal ulcer has advantages over laparotomy.