Aim. To analyze introduced sweet potato accessions in the conditions of cultivation in the Left-Bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. Thirteen introduced sweet potato accessions bred in Ukraine and other countries were evaluated in the conditions of the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. We found that the genotypes greatly differed in the growing period length, biometric parameters of plants and performance. Early-ripening accessions were V-1, V-6, A-7, Bonita; mid-ripening - Orlean, D-2 and Murasaki. Late-ripening accessions were the most numerous: Betty, Purpur, Blanka, J-12, Eernandes, and Okinawa. The stem length varied a lot. All the mid-ripening accessions formed long, climbing stems. The variability range was analyzed for the number of additional shoots, internode length, leaf number, root tuber shape, and pulp color. The highest yield of sweet potato root tubers was obtained from dessert accession D-2 (112 t/ha), with a marketability of 88%. Table accession V-6 also gave a high yield (87 t/ha), and the marketability of root tubers was 81%. Based on to the research results, two applications for new varieties of sweet potato, Admiral (obtained by clone breeding, selection from the D-2 genotype) and Slobozhanskiy Rubin (selection from the V-6 genotype), were submitted. Conclusions. Thirteen introduced sweet potato accessions bred in Ukraine and other countries were evaluated in the conditions of the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. It was found that the genotypes greatly differed in the growing period length, biometric parameters of plants and performance. Based on to the research results, two applications for new varieties of sweet potato, Admiral (obtained by clone breeding, selection from the D-2 genotype) and Slobozhanskiy Rubin (multi-year selection from the V-6 genotype), were submitted. Keywords: Ipomoea batatas L., sweet potato, introduction, niche crops, genotype.

Global climate change has a negative impact on tomato production all around the world. This leads to annual losses of this crop due to disease and extreme weather conditions by 12–30%. To increase the supply of vegetables and expand the range of genotypes adaptive to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, it is necessary to use laboratory methods and methods of mathematical modeling. These techniques are needed to assess and select promising sources of resistance in the breeding. The effectiveness of a complex rapid assessment of tissue culture in vitro in modified selective media MS (T. Murashige, F. Skoog, 1962) was studied in terms of viability and biometric parameters of calli and regenerated plants of 10 tomato genotypes. A two-factor experiment was performed. The factor A—18 variants of selective media, factor B—genotype. In each experimental variant, there were 20 numbers of explants in quadruplicate. The development of donor plants and the determination of the peroxidase level in their tissues wascarried out after 21 days of cultivation. At the same time, the level of productivity and stability of the samples in soil conditions was studied. The 71 studied parameters revealed 11 high degrees of correlation between the parameters of plants growing in selective media in vitro culture and the yield and resistance of tomatoes in soil conditions. These indicators were used to construct two variants of discriminant functions with the help of canonic discriminant analysis. This will make it possible to predict the level of stress resistance of tomato genotypes and simplify the assessment of a large number of genotypes by a set of traits in breeding practice.

Мета – дослідити вплив селективних середовищ в культурі in vitro на життєздатність і показники росту і розвитку рослин-регенератів міжвидових гібридів помідора F1 і виділити перспективні генотипи для використання у якості підщеп. Методи. Загальнонаукові, вимірювальні, лабораторні, статистичні. Результати. Визначено вплив додавання у поживні середовища у якості селективних факторів 50% ФКР Alternaria solani (некротрофний патоген), 10г/л NaCl (засолення) та 0,1 г/л гідроксипроліну (посуха), а також підвищеного у 1,5 раза вмісту основних поживних речовин за прописом MS (середовище ІІ) на життєздатність та розвиток вегетативної маси і кореневої системи пробіркових рослин 8 міжвидових гібридів помідора F1. ФКР A. solani, NaCl та гідроксипролін спричиняли істотне зниження життєздатності рослин-регенерантів досліджених зразків та пригнічення їх росту і розвитку. Найбільш виражену селективну дію чинив гідроксипролін. Середовище ІІ істотно не впливало на досліджувані параметри рослин, тому не може бути використане для оцінки і добору зразків в культурі in vitro. Висновки. Використаний підхід дозволяє оцінювати і добирати серед міжвидових гібридів F1 в культурі in vitro стійкі до комплексу біо- та абіотичних факторів, сильнорослі підщепи помідора з розвиненою кореневою системою. За комплексом ознак в умовах ізольованої культури виділено гібриди F1 БК-88 і БК-91 – Т-5 / S. habrochaites, БК-96 – К-7311 / S. habrochaites і БК-156 –S. pimpinellifolium / S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme, які є перспективними для використання у якості підщеп помідора.

Aim. The development of a biotechnological system of assessing and selecting the forms of egg-plant and tomato which are tolerant to fusarium wilt in the culture of the tissues, isolated in vitro. Methods. The studies were car- ried out according to the standard biotechnological methods and using the standard equipment. The high-grade and hybrid seeds of egg-plant and tomato genotypes of F 1 –F 4 breeds with different tolerance to fusarium wilt were used in the studies. The cell selection was carried out in the media with different content of the selective agent (20, 40 and 60 % of the total medium volume). Results. It has been determined that the samples can be reliably differentiated in the selective media with liquid culture fi ltrate on the stages of induction and prolifera- tion of callusogenesis according to their resistance in the fi eld. The effective concentrations of the liquid culture fi ltrate of F. oxysporum in the selective media necessary for the selection of resistant callus clones are 20−30 % for acceptable genotypes and 40–50 % and higher for moderately resistant and resistant samples. According to the selective assessment (2012−2013) of initial breeding lines of egg-plant and tomato and the ones, selected via the cell selection, there were 4 highlighted promising lines of egg-plant and 5 lines of tomato that exceeded the control samples and the initial genotypes in their resistance to fusarium and in fertility. Conclusions. The pos- sibility and effi ciency of the biotechnology of accelerated creation of and express-tests on the breeding lines of egg-plant and tomato resistant to F. oxysporum were substantiated and experimentally proved in order to cut the time necessary for the attainment of resistant initial material.

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