Eutrophication in an estuary occurs as an effect of the enrichment of nutrient inputs from rivers. This condition has become one of the most common environmental issues experienced around the globe and especially in Japan. Atsumi Bay is a eutrophic coastal area in Japan. The objective of this research was to analyze the influences of nutrient inputs from the Umeda River into Atsumi Bay on pre-and post-rainfall water quality conditions. This study was conducted from July to October 2010. The results showed a decrease of surface salinity after rainfall indicating that huge freshwater inputs had overlaid the surface layer of Atsumi Bay rather than the bottom layer. Moreover, post-rainfall conditions showed an increase of chlorophyll a as an effect of phytoplankton growth, followed by an increase of particulate nutrients. On the other hand, dissolved nutrients decreased due to uptake by phytoplankton and dilution by freshwater.

No abstract

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused dreadful damage in the Meuraxa subdistrict, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. After a decade, human population and land settlement growing in the tsunami prone area especially in Meuraxa sub-district. The COMCOT model was applied to simulate the tsunami wave. The building shape in simulation area was developed by using the Building Block model from the Open Street Map data. The study is aimed at investigating the impact of 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on human lives with the building shape condition in 2017 based on the Open Street Map. The result indicated that Meuraxa sub-district area have hazard ratio with value about 1. The local community, who stay in this prone area, cannot survive from the future of tsunami disaster. The human casualties in this area are able to reach as same number as in the 2004 event without a proper of mitigation program from local government.

After the eruption of Mount Anak Krakatoa, December 22, 2018, which was accompanied by a large landslide into the waters of the Sunda Strait, resulting a tsunami that hit South Coast of Lampung and West of Banten. According [1], 437 peoples were death, 31,942 peoples were injured and 10 peoples were lost due to this disaster. The tsunami impact toward human lives was calculated by using the human instability equation [3] and TUNAMI Two Layer model was applied to simulate the landslide and propagation of tsunami [2]. The simulation results were validated with observations and field measurements data [1]. The result of simulation showed that flow depth of the tsunami reached 0.29-5.83 m with the tsunami velocity about 0.23-7.49 m/s along the shore of Pandeglang Regency. Using Aida Equation for validate simulation results, has K = 0.96733. The results of calculations using the human instability equation show that the value of hazard risk (HR) > 1 because all critical velocity values lower than velocity of simulation. So, it was mean that tsunami waves occurred in Banten especially Pandeglang Regency has high risk impact for the balance of the human body and this condition related with the observation condition that show many victims included people died and injured in this area.

Education is something that serves as a foundation for humans. As educational activists, we can raise a better generation by conducting teaching activities for the nation's children to hone their academic and non-academic abilities outside formal schools. The large number of students dropping out of school causes non-formal education to have an important role in fostering environmental awareness. This activity aims to foster a sense of concern for environmental knowledge, especially among children in Rawa Simprug IX, South Jakarta, Special Capital Region of (DKI) Jakarta. In addition, it also aims to enhance children's interest in reading from an early age and their understanding of various lessons that have been or have not been obtained in formal schools. This activity was conducted from August 2019 to November 2019. The peak of the event was held on Sunday, November 24, 2019. In this activity, several books could be loaned to children for on-the-spot reading (in the Madani Rubric). The book was carried by a mobile library car from the South Jakarta Administration City Library and Archives Service. There were approximately 30 children of Rawa Simprug IX who took part as the participants in this event. This activity teaches children in the Rawa Simprug IX area who need additional education with the help of HMTL (Himpunan Mahasiswa Teknik Lingkungan) and some lecturers from Pertamina University as the teaching staff. The children were also taught about the environment, particularly reducing plastic waste by using drinking bottles. The achievement of this activity is a recycling product made by the target community themselves.