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Prä-und intraoperative Befunde von 71 Patienten mit rhinochirurgisch verschlossener frontobasaler Liquorfistel werden gegenubergestellt. In 80% der

We could not find any systematic studies about the value of arthroscopy in scaphoid fractures in the literature, and therefore undertook a pilot study of 20 scaphoid fractures which were treated arthroscopically by the Herbert-Whipple screw and were minimally invasive. We found very good radiological and clinical results in 17 patients and good results in 3 patients evaluated by the Wozasek and Moser score. For reduction of dislocated fractures we used distraction with 5 kg in the wine waiters position. In four cases we used additional K wires as joysticks. Arthroscopy is less valuable in reduction, however, it is important in verification of the compression force of the Herbert-Whipple screw and for diagnosis and therapy of lesions of the scapholunate ligament and TFC complex. We found seven SL instabilities, two lesions of the meniscus, and one Palmer 1B lesion of the TFC complex. From these results we conclude that arthroscopy should necessarily be done by minimally invasive osteosynthesis of scaphoid fractures to detect and treat discoligamentous injuries of the wrist.

The normal computer tomographic anatomy of the larynx and neighbouring structures is illustrated. Special attention is paid to the preepiglottic and para-glottic spaces, which cannot be adequately demonstrated by any other method. The technique is discussed with examinations done on a cadaver and on patients.

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