This paper aimed to study the behavior of Brazilian productivity between 2004 and 2014 and its impact on growth in a disaggregated analysis. To this end, performance was studied by examining the measurement of total factor productivity and was also based on sectoral and regional aggregation in an attempt to verify which sectors and regions contributed most to the low aggregate productivity in Brazil, considering the few disaggregated studies on productivity. In addition, based on the estimates, a growth decomposition was performed to verify the contribution of productivity to economic growth. Additionally, econometric methodologies were used to calculate productivity in order to verify whether the results obtained were similar, using panel estimates with pooled data, fixed effects, and a dynamic panel in level and differences. Among the results, it was verified that there was higher productivity growth in services and that there was a decrease in industry. The regions that achieved better performance were the North, Northeast, and Center-West, depending on the sector analyzed. In addition, considering all the regions, only industry contributed negatively to growth, except in the Center-West. Regarding econometrics, the pooled data model presented the best results.
This study aimed to analyze the behaviour of Brazilian labour productivity (2004-2014) and its impact on growth, seeking which regions and sectors contributed most to the low aggregate productivity. The trend of productivity growth is positive, and the worked hour had a smaller growth than the per person employed, indicating an increase in the workday. The results indicate that there was a growth in agricultural productivity, a fall in industry, and stagnation in services. The regions with the best performance were the North, Northeast and Center-West. The sectoral productivity performance in the country was found to be mainly due to intrasectoral productivity, so the low growth was due to the lack of growth within sectors, except in the North, where structural change significantly contributed to the good regional performance. Yet the econometric estimates showed that only in services the elasticity of productivity was higher than that of physical capital.
Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever as características dos beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família nos estados do Paraná e Bahia com base nos dados disponibilizados pelo Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome para o ano de 2014 e verificar a existência de semelhanças e diferenças a partir de um conjunto de indicadores socioeconômicos. As unidades de análise utilizadas são os domicílios e as pessoas. As características analisadas para as pessoas são: idade, sexo, raça e grau de instrução dos responsáveis pela família. Em relação às características do domicílio, foram utilizados dados sobre o tipo de construção, iluminação, coleta de lixo, forma de escoamento de esgoto e de distribuição de água. De modo geral, dos indicadores analisados, merecem destaque a precariedade em termos de acesso ao esgotamento sanitário tanto no Paraná quanto na Bahia e o problema da baixa escolaridade dos responsáveis pela família. Embora haja semelhanças entre os beneficiários de ambos os estados, a situação no estado da Bahia é mais vulnerável.
O objetivo deste trabalho é relacionar o desempenho da produtividade do trabalho no Reino Unido com as políticas de cunho neoliberal, mais precisamente a financeirização, com o intuito de verificar se o lado produtivo da economia se tornou mais eficiente com a maior liberalização financeira, conforme defendido pela teoria neoliberal. Ao se verificar empiricamente esta hipótese foi constatado que a partir da década de 1980, em que houve maior liberalização financeira no país, o lado produtivo passou a ter desempenho inferior ao observado anteriormente, enquanto o lado especulativo passou a apresentar montante crescente no país. Assim, o que se verificou dessa observação foi que no Reino Unido houve consequências negativas no lado produtivo por causa do aumento da atividade especulativa, contrariando o que afirmava a teoria neoliberal.
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