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This study investigates the domestic spatial use patterns, trends, and organization of inner city dwellings in the Vientiane Capital Province of the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), focusing on the Mekong River residential areas. The results clarify the various issues related to house modification and expansion that can be applied to city planning and urban design strategies. To accomplish this, a field survey was conducted in nine randomly selected villages within the Sisattanak District of the Vientiane Capital Province. The samples were classified into four defining periods from 1945 to the present: (A) French Colonial (1945Colonial ( -1954, (B) American Colonial (1955Colonial ( -1975, (C) Post-Independence (1976-1986, and (D) Modern (1987-present). Discriminant analysis was used to classify the ratio into groups to support the multiple discrimination function of HAYASHI (Suryuka Riron II). Furthermore, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find size homogeneities within the residential areas.

In 1986, Laos opened its doors to the global market. With new economic policy mechanisms in place, the country has developed dramatically over the years. The rapid growth brought forth opportunities as well as challenges. This study analyzes traffic congestion in Vientiane, the capital, with a focus on transport mode choices and inequity among commuters. Due to the lack of a reliable database in Laos, the initial step entailed collecting a set of origin–destination data. A total of 498 samples were randomly processed in the data survey, consisting of personal data, household conditions, and travel behaviors. To identify the flow of transport and mode choices, descriptive analysis and a multilevel logit model were employed. The findings reveal the insufficiency of public transit in Vientiane. The preferred modes of transport are motorbikes and private cars. Commuters who use private cars lie in the higher income group, while the low-income group consists of residents who use motorbikes. In addition, the low-income group takes longer to commute as compared to the high-income group. Overall, the lack of public mode choices encourages the use of private cars, leading to critical inequality between low and high-income groups.