Abstract. Thailand has faced environmental issues that affect people all the time. Haze from the forest fires for instance is concerned as national problem that we confront every year. To determine the severity of smog conditions being a consequence of haze fire in some areas cannot be easily done. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) then could be easily used as a tool for surveying in such difficult burning areas. Furthermore having the environmental sensing devices developed and mounted on the UAV would be a worthy approach for monitoring environmental status in hazardous areas.This research was conducted to assemble the UAV and sensor device for measuring the environmental data including temperature, humidity and dust particle. The sensor was calibrated with reference devices. The field test was carried out in Nan province. Together with temperature, humidity and dust particle value, the location and time from GPS on UAV will be integrated correspondingly with environmental measuring data. Those entirely data will be imported to GIS and rendered in map form subsequently.

The world has been exposed to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) since late 2019. A global pandemic has shifted health concerns from air pollution effects to novel coronavirus disease, similarly to those in Bangkok. Although Bangkokians have experienced severe PM2.5 conditions since the last quarter of 2017, the related agencies have failed to elucidate the crisis. This has been because the fundamental air quality management is focused on controlling emissions. The Thai government has sluggishly determined the situations that lead to the inability to clean up its air. How are air pollution and disease linked? This article points to the importance of source management. The lockdown measures revealed reduced traffic rate and PM2.5 concentrations. Such a close relationship has shed insights of the consequences of working from home (WFH). The link between disease and air pollution includes (i) WFH regulation is one specific way to prevent the transmission of disease, (ii) this guideline decreases traffic congestion in an urban city which is one path of diminished pollution discharge and (iii) then noticeably followed by PM2.5 reductions. Again, the magnitude of source control is crucial. Reducing pollutions from traffic by means of WFH has illustrated this accomplishment. In the midst of this crisis, moving to a new normal role supports remaining protected from both air pollution and the pandemic. Nevertheless, the sustainability of transportation control in an overcrowded city like Bangkok should be considered as a vital pathway to tackle air pollution.

These days, people spend most of their time indoors as a result indoor air quality is a great concern. Mold growth in indoor environment may significantly contribute to unhealthy air quality and to deterioration of building materials. Upholstery fabrics are made of polyester fabrics, on which fungi can grow. Besides, fungi naturally grow in a high humidity condition, seem expected in dwellings and buildings with limit ventilation. This study applied Benzalkonium Chloride and lemongrass essential oil to inhibit the fungal growth on fabrics. Aspergillus niger, a prevalent airborne fungus, was tested on polyester fabrics including, TC fabric (65% polyester/35% cotton), and TK fabric (100% polyester), according to AATCC Test Method 20-2008, 30-2004 Section III, and 81-2006. The results indicated that BKC was more applicable than lemongrass essential oil regarding minimum inhibitory concentration and cost of fungicides. One percent and 5% BKC are suitable to inhibit the fungal growth on TC and TK fabrics, respectively. Effective duration of 1% BKC and 5% BKC are 18 and 30 days, respectively. Furthermore, both fabrics were not damaged by 1% BKC and 5% BKC when inspected under the microscope. In conclusion, BKC would be recommended for inhibiting fungal growth on polyester fabrics.

Objective To evaluate the role of a negative pressure room with a high‐efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration system on reducing aerosol exposure in common otolaryngology procedures. Study Design Prospective quantification of aerosol generation. Settings Tertiary care. Methods The particle concentrations were measured at various times during tracheostomy tube changes with tracheostomy suctioning, nasal endoscopy with suctioning, and fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FOL), which included 5 times per procedure in a negative pressure isolation room with a HEPA filter and additional 5 times in a nonpressure‐controlled room without a HEPA filter. The particle concentrations were measured from the baseline, during the procedure, and continued until 30 minutes after the procedure ended. The particle concentrations were compared to the baseline concentrations. Results The particle concentration significantly increased from the baseline during tracheostomy tube changes (mean difference [MD] 0.80 × 106 p/m3, p = .01), tracheostomy suctioning (MD 0.78 × 106 p/m3, p = .004), at 2 minutes (MD 1.29 × 106 p/m3, p = .01), and 3 minutes (MD 1.3 × 106 p/m3, p = .004) after suctioning. There were no significant differences in the mean particle concentrations among various time points during nasal endoscopy with suctioning and FOL neither in isolation nor nonpressure‐controlled rooms. Conclusion A negative pressure isolation room with a HEPA filter was revealed to be safe for medical personnel inside and outside the room. Tracheostomy tube change with tracheostomy suctioning required an isolation room because this procedure generated aerosol, while nasal endoscopy with suctioning and FOL did not. Aerosol generated in an isolation room was diminished to the baseline after 4 minutes.

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