Introdução: Discute-se o uso da corticoterapia (CTC) antenatal em gestações de recém-nascidos (RNs) prematuros tardios e termo precoce, principalmente em gestantes diabéticas, que já apresentam gestações de alto risco e parto cesáreos eletivos. Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre a CTC antenatal, em partos eletivos de prematuro tardio e termo precoce em gestantes diabéticas, e desfechos maternos e perinatais. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo no Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, onde foram avaliados os níveis glicêmicos das gestantes antes e após a CTC, e dados dos RNs, como glicemia, necessidade de oxigênio complementar e outros. Resultados: Gestantes diabéticas que receberam CTC antenatal apresentaram mais picos de hiperglicemia do que as gestantes diabéticas que não receberam tal terapia. Tanto no grupo de gestantes diabéticas com CTC, quanto no grupo que não recebeu essa terapia, houve associação positiva entre o uso de oxigenoterapia neonatal, ocorrência de hipoglicemia neonatal e outras variáveis com diferentes desfechos maternos e perinatais. Conclusão: O uso de corticoide antenatal deve ser realizado intra-hospitalar com supervisão dos níveis glicêmicos maternos pelas equipes de Obstetrícia e Endocrinologia devido à possível ocorrência de alterações importantes nesses níveis. É necessário uma equipe multidisciplinar no cuidado à gestante diabética. Outros estudos com população de gestantes diabéticas e uso de CTC antenatal em gestações mais tardias são necessários.Palavras chave: Diabetes Mellitus, Corticosteroides, Gravidez de alto risco, PrematuroABSTRACT:Introduction: The use of antenatal corticotherapy (CTC) in late preterm and premature term newborn pregnancies is discussed, especially in diabetic pregnant women who already have high-risk pregnancies and will be forwarded elective C-section. Objective: To analyze the relationship between antenatal CTC in elective late preterm and premature term deliveries in diabetic pregnant women and maternal and perinatal outcomes. Material and methods: A retrospective study was performed at the Clinical Hospital Complex of the Federal University of Parana, where the glycemic levels of pregnant women before and after corticosteroid therapy were evaluated, as well as newborn data, such as blood glucose, supplemental oxygen requirement and others. Results: Diabetic pregnant women who received antenatal CTC had more peaks of hyperglycemia than diabetic pregnant women who did not receive such therapy. Both in the group of diabetic pregnant women with CTC, and in the group that did not receive this therapy, there was a positive association between the use of neonatal oxygen therapy, occurrence of neonatal hypoglycemia and other variables with different maternal and perinatal outcomes. Conclusion: The use of antenatal corticosteroids should be performed in-hospital with supervision of maternal glycemic levels by the Obstetrics and Endocrinology teams due to the possible occurrence of significant changes in these levels. A multidisciplinary team is needed in the care of diabetic pregnant women. Further studies with the diabetic pregnant population and antenatal CTC use in later pregnancies are needed.Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Corticosteroids, High risk pregnancy, Premature infant
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