Dried subterranean organs of Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus and Sorghum halepense were incubated in light and heavy soils for 1, 2 or 3 months. After removal of the decayed plant material, the residual bioactivity ofthe soil was assayed by barley sown directly into the soil and by a barley radicle-length test on an ethanolic extract of the soil. The two assays gave similar results. In general, the inhibition of growth was proportional to the concentration of plant material in the soil, and was greater in light than in heavy soil. Greater inhibition was caused by C. rotundus and S. halepense than by C. dactylon. A few instances of growth stimulation were recorded. Activity biologique de residus souterrains de Cynodon dactylon L., de Sorghum halepense L. et de Cyperus rotundus Z... R^sum^. Des organes souterrains d&s^ch6s de Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus et Sorghum halepense ont €l6 enfouis dans des sols 16gers et dans des sols lourds pendant 1, 2 ou 3 mois. Apr6s avoir enlev6 le materiel v6g6tal d^compos^, l'activit^ biologique r&iduelle du sol a 6t6 6valu6e avec de I'orge sem^e directement dans le sol et par un test portant sur la longueur de la radicule de I'orge dans un extrait ^thanolique dusol. Eng^n^ral, l'inhibition de la croissance fut proportionnelle i la concentration du materiel vdg^tal dans le sol, et fut plus grande en sol 16ger qu'en sol lourd. L'inhibition provoquee fut plus importante avec C. rotundus et S. halepense qu'avec C. dactylon. Quelques cas de stimulation de croissance furent enregistrfe. Die biologische Aktivitat unterirdischer Teile von Cynodon dactylon L., Sorghum halepense L. und Cyperus rotundus L. Zusammenfassung. Getrocknete unterirdische Organe von Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus und Sorghum halepense wurden in leichten und schweren Boden uber ein, zwei und drei Monate inkubiert. Danach wurde das verrottete Pflanzenmaterial entfernt und die verbliebene biologische Aktivitat des Bodens mit direkt in den Boden gesater Gerste und mit Hilfe von athanolischem Bodenextrakt und einem Gerstenwurzeltest gemessen. Im allgemeinen war die Wuchshemmung proportional der Konzentration des pflanzlichen Materials im Boden und war starker im leichten als im schweren Boden. C rotundus und S. halepense verursachte starkere Wuchshemmung als C. dactylon. Es wird liber einige Falle berichtet in denen das Wachstum stimuliert wurde.
The growth of barley (Hordeum distichum L., var. Esperanza) seedlings in nutrient solution was reduced by purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) plants growing in connected vials and by addition of ethanolic extract of purple nutsedge. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts from subterranean parts of purple nutsedge reduced the germination and root elongation of barley; stimulations of barley root elongation were obtained with diluted aqueous extract. The germination of barley, mustard (Brassica nigra L., var. Alsace), and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., var. Acala 1517) was reduced in soil which had been infested previously with purple nutsedge. Radicle elongation of barley was inhibited by ethanolic extract of soil previously infested. Chromatographic studies indicated that the inhibitors are phenolic substances.
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