Trisomy 9 syndrome and other related abnormalities such as full or mosaic trisomy 9 are very rare human chromosomal disorders. The disorders cause early pregnancy loss or death within 20 days after the birth which is accompanied by complex birth defects. The case reported here is a 26-year-old female, identified with partial trisomy of chromosome 9 by Array comparative genomic hybridization -aCGH, but has a longer life than reported in the medical literature and can give birth. The patient did not have abnormal mental or motor problems; no morphological ultrasound abnormalities; curved thumb and scattered warts on the left hand; gave birth to a healthy son after three consecutive stillbirths. The report has shown diverse clinical manifestations of trisomy 9 mosaic abnormalities in humans, contributing to a rare data source of trisomy 9 mosaic cases. Since then, improve knowledge of genetic counseling for rare cases of trisomy 9 mosaicism, especially in genetic counseling of prenatal diagnosis.
Chromosomal mosaicism in prenatal diagnosis is a complex problem that confuses the perception of true mosaicism or pseudomosaicismand often causes difficulties in genetic counseling. In this study, the authors reported 5 cases of chromosomal mosaicism in prenatal karyotype diagnosisand compared them withthe corresponding karyotype results of children after birth. Amniotic fluid and peripheral blood cells were prepared chromosomal metaphase by culture method and chromosomal analysis according to ISCN 2016 standards. Samples were collected and analysed at Hanoi Medical University Hospital from 2017 to 2020. There were 3 cases of abnormal prenatal chromosomal mosaicism, but the postnatal results were normal, two cases of abnormal prenatal chromosome mosaicism, but had abnormal peripheral blood postnatal chromosome results. These results, together with discussion, will provide more valuable information for the prognosis of chromosome mosaicism cases in prenatal diagnosis and give better genetic counseling for the patients.
Đặt vấn đề: Chẩn đoán xác định người mang đột biến dị hợp tử --SEA có ý nghĩa lớn với việc chẩn đoán trước sinh. Chẩn đoán sớm thai bị Hb Bart’s có vai trò quan trọng cho tư vấn di truyền. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của việc phát hiện đột biến --SEA bằng phương pháp PCR. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 66 mẫu DNA tách chiết từ 31 mẫu máu và 35 mẫu ối tươi/ối nuôi cấy đã làm xét nghiệm đột biến gen α globin bằng phương pháp lai phân tử ngược tại Trung tâm Tư vấn Di truyền, Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Các mẫu DNA được PCR bằng mồi đã thiết kế, sau đó điện di để xác định đột biến --SEA. So sánh kết quả giữa hai phương pháp. Kết quả: Đoạn mồi thiết kế đã khuếch đại thành công đoạn gen mang đột biến --SEA. 66/66 mẫu máu và mẫu ối có kết quả 100% tương đồng giữa hai phương pháp. Kết luận: PCR là một phương pháp chính xác, đơn giản, nhanh chóng và kinh tế trong chẩn đoán người mang gen cũng như chẩn đoán thai thi mang đột biến --SEA.
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