Blended junctions are indispensable for organic solar cells; however, the fabrication of electron and hole transport routes in blended cells remains quite challenging. Herein, a lateral alternating multilayered junction using a high-mobility organic semiconductor is proposed and demonstrated. A total of 93% of the photogenerated electrons and holes are laterally collected over a long distance (0.14 mm). The exciton-collection efficiency reaches 75% in a lateral alternating multilayered junction with a layer thickness of 10 nm. A lateral organic alternating multilayered junction that completely collects both excitons and carriers can be an alternative blended junction for organic solar cells.

A nanocomposite comprising Ag nanoparticles on AgCl/Ag2S nanoparticles was decorated on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and used to modify a glassy carbon electrode. Chitosan was also formulated in the nanocomposite to stabilize Ag2S nanoparticles and interact strongly with the glucose moiety of arbutin (AR) and ascorbyl glucoside (AA2G), two important ingredients in whitening lotion products. The modified electrode was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry and used for the simultaneous analysis of hydroquinone (HQ), AR, and AA2G. The electrode showed excellent electrocatalysis towards the analytes by shifting the anodic peak potential to a negative direction with ≈5-fold higher current. The sensor displayed a linearity of 0.91–27.2 μM for HQ, 0.73–14.7 μM for AR, and 1.18–11.8 μM for AA2G, without cross-interference. A detection limit was 0.4 μM for HQ, 0.1 μM for AR, and 0.25 μM for AA2G. The sensor was applied to determine HQ, AR, and AA2G spiked in the whitening lotion sample with excellent recovery. The measured concentration of each analyte was comparable to that of the high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method.

No abstract