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\s=b\In severe craniofacial injuries, the involvement of the skull base with concomitant major dural tears is significantly high. Our methods and treatment plan are controversial compared with the conventional procedure: primary urgent neurosurgical exploration and repair with deferral of maxillofacial reconstruction. To avoid the disadvantages of the transfrontal intracranial management of the skull base, we modified the transethmoidal approach so as to enable the subcranial exposure of all the anterior fossa planes, including the sellar-sphenoidal region. The advantages rendered by this method are the feasibility of an early one-stage craniofacial reconstruction and avoiding retraction of the frontal lobes and damage to the olfactory filaments. The reduction of pseudohypertelorism, the decompression of the optic nerve, and the meticulous reconstruction of the midface and skull base are performed in one session and are regarded as one entity. The results of the surgical management of 395 craniofacial injuries and the low rate of complications emphasize the advantages of the methods described in this article.(Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Construction of different kinds of prostheses on irradiated bone tissues after tumour surgery is a complicated part of modern implantology. In irradiated regions of the jaws where the bone layers are thin and the blood supply also is minimal, knowledge of the impact of each dose of radiation is very important. The aim of this study was to compare the bone response around titanium implants loaded with fixed bridges in dog mandibles irradiated with total doses of 40, 50 or 60 Gy. The results suggest that after irradiation with 40-50 Gy, when the dose is fractioned in order to achieve higher tolerance of the tissues compared with single dose irradiation, titanium implants may become osseointegrated in the mandibles. For high success rates, however, careful planning of radiotherapy and selection of implantation site with an adequate blood supply are essential.