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Recent advances in modeling tools and techniques show the promise of significantly improving our ability to effectively apply systems engineering techniques to complex system-of-systems architectures. In this paper we describe our experience with the application of a model-based approach (based on SysML) to the capture and analysis of the end-to-end information systems supporting the first unmanned test flight of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Exploration Vehicle. The paper describes the EFT-1 mission, the approaches used to define the underlying models, how the models are related, and how viewpoints are used to address specific stakeholder concerns. The paper also provides a brief summary of the observed benefits of this approach as well as key lessons learned.

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The next generation of missions in NASA's Human Space Flight program focuses on the development and deployment of highly complex systems (e.g., Orion MultiPurpose Crew Vehicle, Space Launch System, 21 st Century Ground System) that will enable astronauts to venture beyond low Earth orbit and explore the moon, near-Earth asteroids, and beyond. Architecting these highly complex system-of-systems requires formal systems engineering techniques for managing the evolution of the technical features in the information exchange domain (e.g., data exchanges, communication networks, ground software) and also, formal correlation of the technical architecture to stakeholders' programmatic concerns (e.g., budget, schedule, risk) and design development (e.g., assumptions, constraints, trades, tracking of unknowns). This paper will describe how the authors have applied System Modeling Language (SysML) to implement model-based systems engineering for managing the description of the End-to-End Information System (EEIS) architecture and associated development activities and ultimately enables stakeholders to understand, reason, and answer questions about the EEIS under design for proposed lunar Exploration Missions 1 and 2 (EM-1 and EM-2). I. Introduction his paper describes the use of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) with SysML to enable more robust and complete systems engineering and integrated analysis of complex System-of-Systems (SoS) problems which have historically been implemented via paper/presentation-based design capture, disparate models, in documents, and in the brains of expert engineers across many disciplines. This paper describes constructs, rules, and methods applied in developing a model conforming to a rigorous and engineered structure that supports views for domain experts, analysis and tracking of stakeholder concerns, and standardized analysis that uses the relationships between the traditional system views to provide cross-cutting reasoning. A. Background-To the Moon with Exploration Missions 1 and 2 Exploration Mission 1 (EM-1) will send an unmanned Orion MultiPurpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) around the moon on a 7-to-10 day mission to qualify NASA's new Space Launch System (SLS), and verify Orion MPCV's readiness to carry astronauts beyond Earth orbit. EM-1 is targeted for launch in late-2017. Subsequently, Exploration Mission 2 (EM-2) will send a crew of four astronauts on a 10-to-14 day mission to the moon, where astronauts will spend four days in lunar orbit to test critical mission events and perform operations in relevant environments to support exploration to more distant points beyond Earth orbit. EM-2 is targeted for launch in mid-2019. To accomplish these missions we must coordinate a significant number of diverse terrestrial and space-based systems including: MPCV; SLS; supporting space and terrestrial communication facilities (provided the USAF,

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