ABSTRACT. Fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on cultivated and wild hosts in the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Information on frugivorous flies in cultivated or wild host plants and their parasitoids in the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul is presented and discussed. Fruit fly samples were collected weekly in specific fruit trees, and McPhail ® traps were installed in the same trees for a period of two years. The fruit flies infested ripe and unripe fruits of Averrhoa carambola L., Schoepfia sp., Psidium guajava L. and Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk and mature fruits of Anacardium occidentale L. and Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. Nineteen fruit fly species were obtained with the combination of sampling methods (collecting fruits and trapping), nine of them obtained with both methods, five found only in fruits and five only in traps. This is the first record of Anastrepha striata Schiner in a species of Sapotaceae, as well as for A. castanea Norrbom and A. daciformes Bezzi in Schoepfia sp. (Olacaceae), and for A. distincta Greene in fruits of P. guajava in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Fruit collections simultaneously associated with capture of fruit flies by McPhail traps in the same host plants are essential to understand the diversity of fruit flies and their relationship with hosts and parasitoids. Species of Braconidae and Pteromalidae were recovered, where Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) was the most abundant parasitoid in larvae of tephritids infesting both cultivated and wild host fruits.

Coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) play an important ecological role in grazing agroecosystems, especially for the removal and bury of herbivore feces. In this study we identified coprophagous Scarabaeidae species found in an area of Brachiaria brizantha (Poaceae) pasture in the Brazilian Cerrado, analyzing community structure with environmental variables in the area. The insects were captured with a light trap from November 2007 to October 2008 every 15 days, totaling 24 hours of sampling/month. A total of 2541 individuals were collected and from two subfamilies (Aphodiinae and Scarabaeinae), 17 genera and 33 species. The numbers of individuals and species captured were positively correlated with monthly precipitation. Os besouros coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) desempenham importante papel ecológico em agroecossistemas de pastagens, com ênfase na remoção e enterrio das fezes de herbívoros. Nesse estudo nós identificamos as espécies de Scarabaeidae coprófagos que ocorrem em área de pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha (Poaceae) no Cerrado brasileiro, analisando a estrutura da comunidade com as variáveis ambientais da área. Os insetos foram capturados com uma armadilha luminosa a cada quinze dias de novembro de 2007 a outubro de 2008, totalizando 24 horas de amostragem/mês. Um total de 2.541 indivíduos foram capturados e estão distribuídos em duas subfamílias (Aphodiinae e Scarabaeinae), 17 gêneros e 33 espécies. O número de indivíduos e de espécies capturadas foram positivamente correlacionados com a precipitação mensal.

Larvas de Scarabaeidae fitófagos são consideradas pragas importantes em várias culturas, pois, ao se alimentarem do sistema radicular, causam sérias injúrias às plantas. Além disto, infestações mistas de diferentes espécies são, normalmente, encontradas nas lavouras, o que pode dificultar a aplicação de ABSTRACT RESUMO algumas táticas de controle, como o uso de inseticidas (Pérez-Agis et al. 2008), aumentando, assim, a importância dos estudos sobre este complexo de pragas. Desde meados da década de 1980, um complexo de larvas de Scarabaeidae tem causado danos à cultura da soja, em várias regiões do Brasil (Oliveira & Garcia 2003), sendo Phyllophaga cuyabana Moser a principal espécie, no Estado do Pa-1. Trabalho recebido em out./2009 e aceito para publicação em jan./2011 (n° registro: PAT 7698/

Diversity of coprophagous scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) collected with flight intercept trap in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 10(2): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v10n2/en/abstract?article+bn03410022010.Abstract: Coprophagous scarab beetles play an important ecological role in the ecosystems; however, studies on diversity of such insects are scarce for distinct biomes. The present study aimed to identify the Scarabaeidae coprophagous species which occur in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul. This study was carried out at the Nhumirim ranch (Embrapa Pantanal), located in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Pantanal, from June 1992 to May 1993. For insect sampling, two window flight traps (1 × 1 m) were set up monthly during two to four consecutive days. The traps were placed in an open native grassland area (native pasture) and in a cerradão (dense savanna) area, remaining active from 19:00 PM to 07:00 AM, when caught insects were removed and fixed in 70% alcohol solution. It was collected 19587 individuals of Scarabaeidae, belonging to two subfamilies (Aphodiinae and Scarabaeinae), 11 genera, and 21 species. Resumo: Os besouros coprófagos desempenham grande importância ecológica dentro dos ecossistemas, porém, escassos são os estudos de diversidade desses insetos em diferentes biomas. Assim, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo com o objetivo de identificar as espécies de Scarabaeidae coprófagos que ocorrem no Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na fazenda Nhumirim (Embrapa Pantanal), sub-região da Nhecolândia, no período de junho de 1992 a maio de 1993. Para a coleta dos insetos foram instaladas mensalmente duas armadilhas luminosas do tipo "janela" (1 × 1 m), por um período consecutivo de dois a quatro dias. As armadilhas foram alocadas em área de campo (pastagem nativa) e de cerradão (vegetação densa), sendo acionadas às 19:00 horas e desligadas às 07:00 horas do dia seguinte, quando os insetos capturados eram retirados e acondicionados em frascos etiquetados contendo álcool 70%. Foram coletados 19587 exemplares de Scarabaeidae, pertencentes a duas subfamílias (Aphodiinae e Scarabaeinae), 11 gêneros e 21 espécies. As espécies encontradas no Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense pertencem aos gêneros Ataenius, Aphodius, Ateuchus, Canthidium, Dichotomius, Labarrus, Nialaphodius, Ontherus, Trichillum, Trichiopsammobius e Uroxys. Dentre os Aphodiinae, Ataenius sp.2 (96,17%) foi a mais abundante. Canthidium sp.1 (0,39%), Dichotomius sp. (0,28%) e D. bos (Blanchard, 1843) (0,16%) foram as mais abundantes dentre os Scarabaeinae. Com relação ao comportamento reprodutivo de nidificação, 42,86% das espécies coletadas apresentaram hábito paracoprídeo (escavadores) e 57,14% endocoprídeo (residentes). Palavras-chave : biodiversidade, Insecta, planície alagada, rola-bosta, Scarabaeoidea.

Proper irrigation management is crucial to obtain high yields of pea, since its cultivation is recommended in cold and dry seasons. Taking into account the great genetic diversity, we considered necessary to evaluate cultivars which best adapt to the intrinsic conditions of Cerrado Region, as it presents low fertility soil, long dry period in the winter, drought periods (veranicos) in rainy season, mainly in January and February (summer). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate adaptability of green-pea cultivars under different irrigation depths in Northeast Region of state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The experiment was installed in a split plot scheme, with four irrigation depths [50, 75, 100 and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and at subplots, four pea cultivars (Forró, Frevo, Pagode and Samba) in a randomized block design with three replications. Pod length, number and mass of grains per pod, number of pods per plant, plant length, productivity and efficiency of water use were evaluated. Excess water supply (water stress) or shortage (water deficit) can cause decrease in the productivity of pea crop for green grains, considering replacement of 114.81% of Etc, the most recommended for the crop. Cultivar Forró, showed the best productive performance in relation to other cultivars, in the climatic conditions of Southern Cerrado (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil).