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A small amount of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was added into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/boron nitride (BN) composites through melt blending processing. The thermal conductivity, microstructure changes including the crystallization behavior of PVDF matrix and the dispersion states of fillers in the composites, and the electrical conductivity of the composites were comparatively investigated. The results demonstrated that compared with the PVDF/BN composites at the same BN content, the ternary PVDF/BN/CNT composites exhibited largely enhanced thermal conductivity. In the PVDF/BN/CNT composites, the crystallinity of the PVDF matrix was slightly increased while the crystal form remained invariant. BN particles exhibited homogeneous dispersion in the PVDF/BN composites, and they did not affect the rheological properties of the PVDF/BN composites when the BN content was lower than 10 wt %. The presence of CNTs did not affect the interfacial adhesion between BN and PVDF, but they facilitated the formation of denser BN/CNT network structure in the composites. The mechanisms were then proposed to explain the largely enhanced thermal conductivity of the PVDF/BN/CNT composites. Furthermore, the dielectric property measurements demonstrated that the PVDF/BN/CNT composites containing relatively low BN content exhibited a high dielectric constant with a low dielectric loss. This endowed the PVDF/BN/CNT composites with a greater potential application in the field of electronic devices.

Silicone adhesives are widely used in many important applications in aviation, automotive, construction, and electronics industries. The mixture of (3glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (γ-GPS) and hydroxy-terminated dimethyl methylvinyl co-siloxanol (DMMVS) has been widely used as an adhesion promoter in silicone elastomers to enhance the adhesion between silicone and other materials including polymers. The interfacial molecular structures of silicone elastomers and the adhesion promotion mechanisms of a γ-GPS-DMMVS mixture in silicone without a filler or an adhesion catalyst (AC) have been extensively investigated using sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy previously. In this research, SFG was applied to study interfacial structures of silicone elastomeric adhesives in the presence of a silica filler and/or a zirconium(IV) acetylacetonate adhesion catalyst at the silicone/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) interface in situ nondestructively to understand their individual and synergy effects. The interfacial structures obtained from the SFG study were correlated to the adhesion behavior to PET. The interfacial reactions of methoxy and epoxy groups of the adhesion promoter were found to play significant roles in enhancing the interfacial adhesion of the buried interface. This research provides an in-depth molecular-level understanding on the effects of a filler and an adhesion catalyst on the interfacial behavior of the adhesion promotion system for silicone elastomers as well as the related impact on adhesion.

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Surfaces with chemically immobilized antimicrobial peptides have been shown to have great potential in various applications such as biosensors and antimicrobial coatings. This research investigated the chemical immobilization of a cecropin-melittin hybrid antimicrobial peptide on two different surfaces, a polymer surface prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization and a self-assembled monolayer surface. We probed the structure of immobilized peptides using spectroscopic methods and correlated such structural information to the measured antimicrobial activity. We found that the hybrid peptide adopts an α-helical structure after immobilization onto both surfaces. As we have shown previously for another α-helical peptide, MSI-78, immobilized on a SAM, we found that the α-helical hybrid peptide lies down when it contacts bacteria. This study shows that the antimicrobial activity of the surface-immobilized peptides on the two substrates can be well explained by the spectroscopically measured peptide structural data. In addition, it was found that the polymer-based antimicrobial peptide coating is more stable. This is likely due to the fact that the SAM prepared using silane may be degraded after several days whereas the polymer prepared by CVD polymerization is more stable than the SAM, leading to a more stable antimicrobial coating.