Ubiquitous positioning requires services that are supplemental to the existing Global Positioning System (GPS). For spaces where GPS does not work (indoors, canyons, etc.) augmented or enhanced positioning systems are necessary. For such systems to function appropriately users must have a GPS-like experience. In essence, users of supplementary positioning systems must trust the information these systems deliver. In order to develop systems that mimic the trust generated by GPS and to better understand the implications of features or changes to such a positioning system we believe a conceptual model of positioning system trust is necessary. Such a conceptual model must consider several aspects of the user and the system. The system must be accurate, with an informative User Interface that is transparent (provides context and background on positions and how they are calculated), it must use verified source data, and provide information that supports a range of users. In this paper we present the essential elements of trust for enhanced or supplementary positioning systems.

User experience plays an indispensable role in intelligent product design. Building a system for user research, capturing firsthand information from users and turning insights into achievable product design solutions is the key to innovation. This article introduces service design into product design and studies the design cue construction method through intelligent product design case. First, the authors capture customer touchpoints in the process of user interaction with the product by observing the user behavior and perform the correlation analysis of the customer touchpoint to obtain the user's complaints and dissatisfaction. Second, the authors use positive creation theory to transform requirements and turn the complaints collected in user research into achievable functional requirements. Third, the authors use the KANO model for sensitivity analysis of functional requirements and select high-sensitivity requirements for priority development. Finally, using the service design innovation methods to analyze the user experience and stakeholders, the design cue map can be exported, and a new service system was established to enhance the overall user experience.

In the present study, the authors assessed the differences in natural growth rates between skull base and non-skull base meningiomas by meta-analysis. Studies investigating meningioma growth rate were compiled from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese Biomedical Literature database, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the collected literature were conducted using Stata 12.0 software. A total of 7 observational cohort studies, including 361 patients with untreated meningiomas, were included in the study. Meta-analysis showed that the weighted mean difference for absolute growth rate (years), relative growth rate (years), and doubling time (month) were 0.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.20–0.64, P <.0001), 1.08 (95%CI: 0.85–1.32, P <.0001), and −0.56 [95%CI: (−0.78)–(−0.33), P <.0001)] respectively. These findings indicate that the natural growth rate of skull base meningioma is less than that of non-skull base meningioma.

Introduction The telecommuting experience and job performance have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and job performance stability of telecommuting employees has become a critical concern. Objective A decision model for telecommuting experience service design was constructed based on a backpropagation (BP) neural network to provide a theoretical basis for enterprises to evaluate telework performance and the psychological health of employees. Methods The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the core stakeholders. The grey relational analysis (GRA) method and the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) scale were used to measure the factors affecting employees’ telecommuting experience and job performance. A BP neural network relationship model of employees’ telecommuting experience was established to predict its impact on employees’ job performance. Results Based on the model prediction results, a service system map was created, and the potential to enhance the telework performance of employees was evaluated. Discussion It was concluded that the factors affecting the telecommuting experience were diverse, but emotions had the dominant influence. Significant positive correlations were found between emotional impact and temporal perception, execution difficulty, and communication barriers. Conclusion The proposed decision model for telecommuting experience service design accurately predicted the impact of telecommuting efficiency, providing an effective approach for innovative remote management.

Indoor positioning systems have been used as a supplement to provide positioning in settings where GPS does not function. However, the accuracy of calculated results varies among techniques and algorithms used; system performance also differs across testing environments. As a result, users' responses to and opinions of these positioning results could be different. Furthermore, user trust, most closely associated with their confidence in the system, will also vary. A relatively little studied topic is the effect of positioning variance on a user's opinion or trust of such systems (GPS as well, for that matter). Therefore, understanding how user interaction with such systems (through trust) changes is important for achieving more usable positioning system design. An experiment was designed to examine if the sequence of location accuracy will affect users' trust in an individual episode positioning result as well as the system overall. The simulated positioning system running on an iPad used for this experiment provides 10 priming positioning results at a specific category of accuracy.The accuracy is controlled and is presented as either 1. ACCURATE (within 5 meters of actual location), 2. INACCURATE (greater 15 meters), 0r 3. WRONG BUILDING (outside current building's footprint). After one set of these priming locations a series of 55 post-priming locations across the same categories in addition to 10 CONTINUOUS locations (with between 6 and 15 meters of error) were presented. At each experimental site participants located themselves using the simulated system and rated their trust for that location. Variables obtained from the experiment include: 1. Two types of trust at each location (positioning trust and system trust); 2. Spatial abilities, sense of direction, and ancillary survey data (user characteristics). Results show that users' trust varies iii among different accuracy categories and changes over time according to the system performance in association with their own characteristics. Specifically, the accuracy of the priming locations has an impact on users' trust of later results. Besides, users' trust in individual positioning results is quite variable and the variability is closely related to accuracy, while user trust of the overall system is less variable.iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS