Introduction :Cataract is a cloudiness in the fibers or lens material inside the lens capsule. If the cataract was not treated immediately, the patient might experience blindness. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the level of knowledge about cataract, education, and socioeconomic status with preoperative visual acuity in patients with senile cataract in hospital PHC Surabaya. Methods : This study was observational analytic with sampling through accidental sampling. The sample of the study was senile cataract patients preoperatively on August 24 th to 27 th September 2016. The variables of the study was the level of knowledge about cataract, education level, socioeconomic status, and preoperative visual acuity. Data analysis used Spearman correlation test. Results : Results obtained preoperatively senile cataract patients was highest in the age group 60-64 years (28%) and the lowest in the age group 75-79 years (6%). By gender, patients of senile cataract was highest in the group of male (52%) than female (48%). There was a significant correlation between the level of knowledge about cataract (p = 0.008) and level of education (p=0,006) with preoperative visual acuity in patients with senile cataract. There was no correlation between socioeconomic status with preoperative visual acuity in patients with senile cataract (p = 0.124). Conclusion : The results showed that the factors affecting patients in seeking treatment of cataract was the level of knowledge about cataract and level of education. Patients with a good level of knowledge and good education were expected to recognize the symptoms of cataracts immediately and could search for cataract treatment to prevent blindness.

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This study explored the novel strategy of hypoxic preconditioning of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) before intra vitreal transplantation to improve neuroprotective effects of Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs) in Acute Glaucoma Models. The methods of this research were isolated mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow of adult wild-type Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. BM-MSCs were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic (1% oxygen for 24 hours) conditions. Normoxic or hypoxic BM-MSCs were transplanted intravitreally 1 week after ocular hypertension induction by acutely increasing IOP to 100-120 mmHg for 60 minutes. Rats were killed 4 weeks after transplanted. Apoptosis was examined by tunnel assay and expression Brn3b (Brn3b = RGCs marker) by immunohistochemical analysis of the retina. Results showed that transplantation of hypoxic preconditioning BM-MSCs in acute glaucoma models resulted in a significant apoptosis decreasing (p < 0.05) and an significant increasing in RGCs (p < 0.05), as well as enhanced mor-T. Ernawati et al. 246 phologic and functional benefits of stem cell therapy versus normoxic BM-MSCs transplantation. Conclusions: Hypoxic preconditioning enhances the capacity of BM-MSCs transplantation to improve neuroprotective effects of RGCs in Acute Glaucoma Models.

Introduction: A lot of employees working in front of a computer complaining about some symptoms. Eye and vision problems connected to the prolonged use of a computer are called Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) or Digital Eye Strain. One of the symptoms of CVS is neck pain. In comparison, Range of Motion (ROM) is used to determine the ability of joint movements. Aside from that, it can also be used to maintain flexibility and joint mobility. Purpose: To explain the association between Computer Vision Syndrome and the reduction in neck range of Motion in Employees. Method: The type of this research is analytic observational, and the design of this research is Cross-Sectional Study. This research was conducted from Tuesday, 16th July 2019, until Wednesday, 17th July 2019, using CVS-Q and goniometer dy. Results: We collected 156 respondents that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We obtain p=0,02, p <0,05 meaning there is an association between Computer Vision Syndrome and the neck range’s Motion. Conclusion: To conclude, there is an association between Computer Vision Syndrome and the neck range’s Motion.

Pendahuluan: Anosmia merupakan salah satu karakteristik klinis pasien COVID-19. Anosmia dilaporkan sebagai gejala pertama sebelum gejala yang lain. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan anosmia berimplikasi sebagai faktor prognosis protektif pada pasien COVID-19. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menggambarkan karakteristik pasien COVID-19 dengan gejala anosmia serta hubungannya dengan derajat keparahan.Metode: Penelitian studi deskriptif, cross-sectional, retrospektif dengan jumlah sampel 149 pasien dikonfirmasi COVID-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pasien rawat inap mulai tanggal 01 Maret hingga 31 Juli 2020 di rumah sakit Primasatya Husada Citra Surabaya (RS PHC Surabaya). Pasien COVID-19 dibagi menjadi dua grup yaitu dengan dan tanpa gejala anosmia. Karakteristik klinis pasien dideskripsikan pada tabel dan dilakukan penghitungan odd ratio untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya derajat keparahan berat pada pasien COVID-19.Hasil: Pasien yang mengalami anosmia rata-rata berusia 32 tahun dengan jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak (63,2%), pasien dengan gejala anosmia didapatkan lebih banyak pasien dengan derajat keparahan rendah (89,5%) dengan odd ratio terjadinya derajat keparahan berat 0,479. Pasien dengan gejala anosmia disertai dengan gejala lain seperti batuk, rinorea, nyeri tenggorokan, sesak, nyeri kepala, dan nyeri otot (p < 0,05).Kesimpulan: Pasien COVID-19 dengan gejala anosmia memiliki derajat keparahan yang lebih ringan dibandingkan pasien yang tanpa gejala anosmia.