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Synthesis of Ni- and N-doped Titania Nanotube Arrays (Ni-N-TiNTAs) was conducted to produce photocatalysts for hydrogen production from a glycerol–water mixture. Ni-N-TiNTAs were synthesized in two steps, namely anodization and chemical reduction. Ti foil was anodized at 50 V for two h in an electrolyte solution containing 0.2% urea as a source of N atoms. Ni doping (at various content of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% wt) was performed by one-hour chemical reduction with sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The photocatalyst was annealed at different temperatures, i.e., 500 °C, 550 °C, and 600 °C under 60 mL/min N2 gas for two h. On the basis of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns, Ni-N-TiNTAs are mostly of anatase crystallite phase when annealed at 500 °C and 550 °C, while that of rutile was observable when calcination was done at 600 °C. The morphology of the photocatalysts was scrutinized by means of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) imaging, which reveals nanotubular structures, with elemental composition measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The bandgap of the photocatalysts was analyzed using Ultraviolet Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV DRS), which showed a lower value for the case of Ni-N-TiNTAs as compared to those of TiNTAs and N-TiNTAs. Photocatalytic tests showed that the highest amount of hydrogen produced (ca. 30973 μmol/m2) was obtained in the case of Ni-N-TiNTAs with a Ni content of 10wt%.

In this research, modification of Lampung and Bayah natural zeolites was carried out to increase the zeolite’s capacity as an ammonia adsorbent. Natural zeolite is modified by acid treatment using 6 M HCl and ion exchange using 1 M NH4NO3. The modification process continued with calcination at 500 °C for 4 h. X-ray fluorescence characterization shows changes in composition in the modified zeolites. The significant increase in the Si/Al ratio occurred in the modified zeolite with acid treatment that is 10.03 for Lampung natural zeolite HCl (LNZH) and 9.20 for Bayah natural zeolite HCl (BNZH). Surface area increases due to increasing Si/Al ratio. FTIR results indicate changes in the intensity of hydroxyl groups and pyrH+ as a result of the increase in total acidity of zeolites. The zeolites performance test proves that the Bayah natural zeolite has a higher ammonia adsorption capacity than Lampung natural zeolite. Ion exchange-modified zeolite has a higher ammonia adsorption capacity than zeolite modified with acid treatment.

Lingkungan Karang Bolong berada di kelurahan Randakari Kecamatan Ciwandan kota Cilegon. Kecamatan Randakari merupakan kecamatan yang paling banyak industri dan perusahaan besar dibanding dengan kecamatan lain di Kota Cilegon. Meskipun berada di kawasan industri, jumlah keluarga miskin di Kecamatan Ciwandan mencapai 300 Rumah Tangga Sasaran (RTS), 300 Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat (BLM) dan 459 Jamkesmas. Jumlah ini paling tinggi dibandingkan kecamatan lain di Kota Cilegon. Untuk meningkatkan tingkat perekonomian masyarakat dengan cara memberikan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Masyarakat (PKM). Kegiatan pendidikan kewirausahaan yang dilakukan tidak hanya memberikan keterampilan wirausaha, akan tetapi menumbuhkan modal sosial masyarakat untuk mewujudkan terbentuknya usahawan-usahawan baru. Kegiatan PKM yang dilakukan akan difokuskan pada pembentukan satu kelompok masyarakat yang akan diberdayakan. Mitra akan diberikan PKM melalui pengelolaan usaha teh Kombucha. Metode Pelaksanaan yang akan dilakukan terdiri dari lima tahap, yaitu : tahap pertama penyuluhan tentang pemahaman teh kombucha sebagai peluang usaha yang sangat layak dikembangkan. Tahap kedua pelatihan pembuatan teh kombucha. Tahapan ketiga pelatihan kelayakan ekonomi kegiatan usaha teh kombucha secara sederhana untuk memberikan pemahaman manajemen kewirausahaan yang baik. Tahapan keempat yaitu pelatihan pemasaran, mengajarkan teknik pengemasan dan strategi pemasaran teh kombucha baik secara market online maupun offline. Tahap kelima yaitu rencana keberlanjutan program pengabdian dengan cara pendampingan sampai teh Kombucha dapat dipasarkan dengan baik di salah satu kafe atau minimarket di kota Serang