For Slovenian society the turning point in 1989 meant many things: the making of a new state, a transition to a new political and economic system, but also a new dimension of remembrance. The democratization process that started in the late 1980s and continued in the 1990s was deeply interwoven with the reconfiguration of public remembrance and the legitimation of the nascent Slovenian state. This resulted in a long and still ongoing project of reconciliation (sprava), a process of surpassing the divisions in society caused by the injustices and crimes committed by the Communist leadership in the previous decades. Its goal seems simple: to reach a point where history will no longer be a source of division in politics and where a relative unity could be established within the society.
As it moves away from the discussion of the disputed past itself, this article focuses on the history of the concept of reconciliation and the state's subsequent memorial policy of the last three decades. The development of the concept entails changes in the understanding of the past after two major political shifts: after 1990, when Slovenia became an independent state; and again after 2004, when it joined the European Union (EU). The identification of these shifts is based on the changes in the content of political and public debates. I propose that the Slovenian reconciliation between 1990 and 2004 be regarded as a specific element of the period from the end of communism until the Slovenian accession to the EU (transition), during which the political system changed.
Konstituiranje slovenskega državnega zbora in vlade sredi devetdesetih let 20. stoletja je bilo globoko zaznamovano s tranzicijo in polariziranostjo političnega prostora. Članek časovno in prostorsko umesti zgodovinsko dogajanje, nato pa se posveti študiji primera sestavljanja državnega zbora in vlade. Osredotoči se na formalne plati procesa ter na neformalne dogovore, ki so bistveno zaznamovali proces konstituiranja. Takšna analiza razkrije globino polariziranosti med parlamentarnimi strankami. Politični diskurz je spleten okrog štirih identifikacijskih oznak, preko katerih se je polariziranost manifestirala. Levo usmerjene stranke z Liberalno demokracijo na čelu so same sebe razumele kot proevropske stranke, ki v slovenski prostor vnašajo normalnost Zahoda, medtem ko so se desno usmerjene Slovenska ljudska stranka, Slovenski krščanski demokrati ter Slovenska demokratska stranka poimenovale kot pomladne stranke. Prve so sebi nasprotne stranke razumele kot da ovirajo normalizacisjki proces, medtem ko so slednje levo usmerjenim strankam očitale kontinuiteto s socializmom ter jih označile za stare sile. Vsakokraten poraz desno usmerjenih strank (z nekajmesečno izjemo leta 2000) je okrepil negativni diskurz desnih strank, ki je do polnega izraza prišel po zaključeni tranziciji.
V članku se osredotočam na vloge spolov v času druge svetovne vojne na Slovenskem. Razpredem skupek identitet in motivov, revolucionarnih in tradicionalnih. Revolucionarno obdobje je bilo globoko zaznamovano s stoletja starim antropološkim položajem – krščanstvom. Druga svetovna vojna je spremenila razmerja med spoloma in omogočila ženskam vstop v moško sfero. Slednje so ženske storile s pomočjo tradicionalnih mehanizmov, ki so imeli lastna pravila, zakonitosti in razvoj. Moje delo pokaže, da so ženske dajale osvobodilnemu gibanju legitimnost, v zameno pa je to ženskam dalo nov družbeni položaj – položaj, ki je bil vendar mnogo bolj tradicionalen, kot je trdilo socialistično gibanje. Zgodbe bork, aktivistk, družinskih članov in neodločenih opazovalcev nam razkrijejo, kako je okupacija zaznamovala vojna leta in kako je nova socialistična Jugoslavija našla svojo moč.
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