Titanium dioxide (TiO) has been vastly used commercially, especially as white pigment in paints, colorants, plastics, coatings, cosmetics. Certain industrial uses TiO in diameter <100 nm. There are three common exposure routes for TiO: (i) inhalation exposure, (ii) exposure via gastrointestinal tract, (iii) dermal exposure. Inhalation and gastrointestinal exposure appear to be the most probable ways of exposure, although nanoparticle (NP) penetration is limited. However, the penetration rate may increase substantially when the tissue is impaired. When TiO NPs migrate into the circulatory system, they can be distributed into all tissues including brain. In brain, TiO lead to oxidative stress mediated by the microglia phagocytic cells which respond to TiO NPs by the production and release of superoxide radicals that convert to multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS production may also cause the damage of blood-brain barrier which then becomes more permeable for NPs. Moreover, several studies have showed neuron degradation and the impairment of spatial recognition memory and learning abilities in laboratory rodent exposed to TiO NPs.

After an initial increase, the rate of R and 90R remains stable in long-term follow-up. The changes of antiepileptic treatment in most patients potentially influence the outcome. Battery replacements or malfunctioning system exchange reflect the patient's satisfaction and correlate with good outcomes.

Tooth agenesis is one of the most common craniofacial disorders in humans. More than 350 genes have been associated with teeth development. In this study, we enrolled 60 child patients (age 13 to 17) with various types of tooth agenesis. Whole gene sequences of PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, EDA, EDAR and WNT10a genes were sequenced by next generation sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We found previously undescribed heterozygous nonsense mutation g.8177G>T (c.610G>T) in MSX1 gene in one child. Mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing. Sequencing analysis was performed in other family members of the affected child. All family members carrying g.8177G>T mutation suffered from oligodontia (missing more than 6 teeth excluding third molars). Mutation g.8177G>T leads to a stop codon (p.E204X) and premature termination of Msx1 protein translation. Based on previous in vitro experiments on mutation disrupting function of Msx1 homeodomain, we assume that the heterozygous g.8177G>T nonsense mutation affects the amount and function of Msx1 protein and leads to tooth agenesis.

COVID-19. 3 The FSH provided more than 14 000 beds and timely treatment for the mild cases, as well as breaking down transmission of the virus. It has been suggested that the FSH were a major reason for the successful control of COVID-19 in China. 3 In the FSH, due to social isolation, uncertainty, fear of virus transmission, and overwhelming negative news portrayals in mass media coverage, 4 the psychological unwellness of both COVID-19 patients and health-care workers (HCW) was prominent. Our baseline cross-sectional survey with 372 COVID-19 patients in FSH and 742 frontline HCW who were engaged in direct contact with COVID-19 patients observed a high proportion of psychological effects among them. We used three selfadministered instruments: the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; cutoff point 5), the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7; cutoff point 5), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI; cutoff point 8), to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among participants. We found that 67.7%, 53.0%, and 48.7% of the COVID-19 patients, and 60.5%, 54.2%, and 42.6% of the frontline HCW suffered symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia, respectively. Multiple psychological intervention measures were carried out in the FSH. First, we set up publicity and education exhibition board areas to convey psychological information, including common psychological problems, coping methods, and ways to obtain online and offline psychological services, to both COVID-19 patients and HCW. All the COVID-19 patients and HCW in the FSH had access to these areas. Second, 11 hospitals and institutions jointly developed a free online psychological support system that was loaded as a 'mini-program' into the most popular instant messenger (WeChat) in China. The system was first available on 11 February 2020 and consisted of three sections. The psychological information section presented popular science readings about common psychological unwellness that may occur during a public emergency, and the latest encouraging facts on COVID-19. The online assessment section provided several self-administrated tools to assess the psychological fitness, and could give an overall explanation and suggestions for users according to the results of the scales. The psychological intervention section provided an online behavioral and sleep cognitive therapy system, as well as a portal for online consulting through which psychologists and psychiatrists could be reserved for remote video consultations. Both patients and HCW had free access to use the system via WeChat. Third, nurses in the FSH were trained with basic psychological nursing skills in February, such as listening to the patient patiently, showing interest in the content of the conversation, and understanding the patient's situation and feelings. Fourth, at least one psychiatrist was assigned to each FSH. The psychiatrists participated in joint rounds and visits, provided timely monitoring of the psychological status of patients, and provided proper psychologi...