Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia with a population of about 9.6 million people, inhabiting an area of about 660 square-km. In the last three decades, urban development of Jakarta has grown very rapidly in the sectors of industry, trade, transportation, real estate, and many others. This exponentially increased urban development introduces several environmental problems. Land subsidence is one of them. The resulted land subsidence will also then affect the urban development plan and process. It has been reported for many years that several places in Jakarta are subsiding at different rates. The leveling surveys, GPS survey methods, and InSAR measurements have been used to study land subsidence in Jakarta, over the period of 1982-2010. In general, it was found that the land subsidence exhibits spatial and temporal variations, with the rates of about 1-15 cm/ year. A few locations can have the subsidence rates up to about 20-28 cm/year. There are four different types of land subsidence that can be expected to occur in the Jakarta basin, namely: subsidence due to groundwater extraction, subsidence induced by the load of constructions (i.e., settlement of high compressibility soil), subsidence caused by natural consolidation of alluvial soil, and tectonic subsidence. It was found that the spatial and temporal variations of land subsidence depend on the corresponding variations of groundwater extraction, coupled with the characteristics of sedimentary layers and building loads above it. In general, there is strong relation between land subsidence and urban development activities in Jakarta.

The Bandung Basin is a large intramontane basin surrounded by volcanic highlands, in western Java, Indonesia, inhabited by more than five million people. Based on the results of five GPS surveys conducted in

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Abstract. Zonguldak Hardcoal Basin is the largest bituminous coal region in Turkey where extensive underground mining activity exists. Because of this activity subsidence effects have been experienced in different locations of the city. In this study, surface deformations caused by the subsidence have been observed by D-InSAR technique using C-Band

North Anatolian Fault (NAF) has several records of a huge earthquake occurrence in the last one century, which is wellknown as a risky active fault. Some signs indicating a creep displacement could be observed on the Ismetpasa segment. It is reported so far that the San Andreas Fault in California, the Longitudinal Valley fault in Taiwan and the Valley Fault System in Metro Manila also exhibit fault creep. The fault with creep deformation is aseismic and never generates the large-scale earthquakes. But the scale and rate of fault creep are important factors to watch the fault behavior and to understand the cycle of earthquake.The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution of spatial and temporal change on the ground motion due to fault creep in the surrounding of the Ismetpasa, NAF. DInSAR is capable to catch a subtle land displacement less than a centimeter and observe a wide area at a high spatial resolution. We applied InSAR time series analysis using PALSAR data in order to measure long-term ground deformation from 2007 until 2011. As a result, the land deformation that the northern and southern parts of the fault have slipped to east and west at a rate of 7.5 and 6.5 mm/year in line of sight respectively were obviously detected. In addition, it became clear that the fault creep along the NAF extended 61 km in east to west direction.