The formation of holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals was investigated in detail. The director was found to rotate during holographic recording owing to the change in morphology and migration of liquid crystals. A strongly anisotropic grating was constructed with variable diffraction efficiency that can be controlled by applying an analogue voltage to the nematic liquid crystal. Effects of post-curing on electro-optical properties were also investigated and the switching characteristics were strongly affected by the intermediate layer between the polymer and liquid crystal.