New forms of urban segregation and exclusion have emerged in the contemporary globalised world. Processes of globalisation, especially those cloaked as free international trade and state withdrawal from economics, have led to increasing inequalities between and within cities. In response, the state, private sector and civil society in many countries have taken a stance and formulated their responses to urban segregation under the banner of `urban governance'. Current manifestations of and evolving debates surrounding contemporary urban segregation will be discussed and then the focus will shift to exploring ideas about countering the trend in various countries around the globe; these include mixing strategies, escapist strategies and strategies that aim to legalise the `informal'. This provides the rationale for this Special Issue, which includes contributions from all around the globe.

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RESUMEN: Con este artículo buscamos sugerir algunas pautas para el debate sobre las transformaciones de «la ciudadanía» en América Latina. Después de una breve revisión de los procesos que inciden en las (re)configuraciones de la ciudadanía, argumentamos que la aproximación formal a los derechos y obligaciones ciudadanos debe ser renovada y complementada con una aproximación antropológica; argumentamos también que los procesos de globalización y cambio societal plantean nuevos interrogantes. Una vez sentadas esas temáticas «transversales», elaboramos algunas reflexiones acerca de las principales dimensiones «clásicas» de la ciudadanía (los derechos civiles, políticos y sociales) así como el tema emergente de la ciudadanía étnica.ABSTRACT: This article seeks to contribute to the debate over citizenship in Latin America and its (re)configurations. We argue that the formal approach to the rights and duties of the citizen should be renovated and complemented with an anthropological perspective. We also argue that the processes of globalization and societal change raise new questions. Once these «transversal» themes have been discussed, we reflect on the principal «classic» dimensions of citizenship (civil, political and social rights), as well on the issue of the emergent ethnic citizenship.