Molecular orientation and crystallization of Nylon-6 films by means of the biaxial stretching in a hot dry-air bath are reported in this paper. The unoriented low crystalline Nylon-6 film T-die extruded with a thickness of ca. 200 p were stretched at constant rate of 400%/min in a recirculating hot air at 120 °C by various methods using a filmstretcher; i.e. uniaxial stretching under free width and/or constant width, and simultaneous biaxial stretching. The stretched films were then set at 160 °C for 5 min. The molecular orientation was studied by both measurements of birefringence for a tilted specimen and x-ray diffraction.The obtained results are summerized as follows;(1) The Nylon-6 films uniaxially stretched with free width give a uniaxial orientation with cylindrical symmetry distribution similar to Nylon-6 fiber where the molecular chain coincides with the b-axis.(2) 'In the films uniaxially stretched with constant width, the molecular chain shows double orientation along MD direction and a considerable amount of TD direction together with a uniplanar orientation parallel to the film surface. This crystal orientation was proved to be a selective uniplanar-axial orientation where (200) plane lies parallel to stretching direction and perpendicular to film surface and (002) plane orients almost parallel to film surface; this is similar to the hot-rolled film.
This paper reports on the mechanical properties and behavior of molecular orientation of the Nylon-6 films by means of the uniaxial and biaxial stretching by wet-process in a hot-water bath. Unoriented low crystalline Nylon-6 film T-die extruded with a thickness of ca. 200 u was stretched at constant rate of 400%/min in a recirculating hot water at 701C by various methods using a filmstretcher; i.e. uniaxial stretching under free width and/or constant width, and simultaneous biaxial stretching. The molecular orientation was studied by both measurements of birefringence for a tilted specimen and x-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of the stretched films such as tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus and F5 value were measured at 20 C under 65% R.H. using an Autograph tensile tester. The dynamic viscoelasticity, i.e. the temperature dependencies of dynamic loss modulus E' were measured at 100 Hz using a Viscoelastic Junior Spectrometer. The following results were obtained; (1) The characteristics of stretched films prepared by wet-process were noted that lower Young's modulus,
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