Realizing the character building on students is a national education goal. The character education is very important for the students. Therefore, the socialization and enculturation of national character education in schools by using an effective and efficient method are needed. This study aims to understand the process of socialization of character education in elementary school, to find the effective way of socialization models of national character education for students in elementary school through comics, and to determine the impact of socialization models of national character education for students in elementary school through the comic for the character building of students. This research was conducted using qualitative methods (Research & Development). The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and documentation. The results show that the socialization of the nations character education in primary schools is done in several ways; integrated with in the curriculum through the school management, and through extracurricular programs. Those ways do not seem to produce maximum results. Socialization model of the national character of education in the elementary schools through the comic is more effective to apply, because students are more interested in the visualization of interesting and familiar images.Menyadari pembangunan karakter siswa adalah tujuan pendidikan nasional. Pendidikan karakter sangat penting bagi para siswa. Oleh karena itu, sosialisasi dan enkulturasi pendidikan karakter bangsa di sekolah-sekolah dengan menggunakan metode yang efektif dan efisien diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami proses sosialisasi pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar, untuk menemukan cara yang efektif untuk model sosialisasi pendidikan karakter bangsa bagi siswa di sekolah dasar melalui komik, dan untuk menentukan dampak dari model sosialisasi pendidikan karakter bangsa bagi siswa di sekolah dasar melalui komik untuk membangun karakter siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif (Research & Development). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi pendidikan karakter bangsa di sekolah dasar ini dilakukan dengan beberapa cara, terintegrasi dengan subjek termasuk, melalui manajemen sekolah, dan melalui program ekstrakurikuler. Mereka cara tampaknya tidak menghasilkan hasil yang maksimal. Model Sosialisasi karakter nasional pendidikan di sekolah dasar melalui komik lebih efektif untuk diterapkan, karena siswa lebih tertarik pada visualisasi gambar yang menarik dan akrab.

The current phenomenon of intolerant issues become an obstacles for the human beings' relationship in Indonesia. We must notice that it has hurt the diversity. There are many events which express people's egoism then result in intolerance. It seems really obvious to see the sepration of choice between "here and "there", between "me" and "you", all of which have marginalized the nature of diversity. The tendency of those intolerances must be seen as a serious problem. In addition, Indonesia has a strong foundation of tolerance through historical experience in acculturation and the nature of diversity. In a number of regions, diversity is supported by the atmosphere of tolerance between national elements that is clearly exposed, and that is a reality that diversity plays a role as natural interaction dynamics and attitude. One of the areas which can be a model is Lasem, Rembang, an area which is located in north coast of Central Java. With the condition of its diversity especially in religion, Lasem is able to maintain the diversity of life which prioritises pancasila values; therefore, it ends up with harmonious, safe, and peace life, and also can perform the values of cooperation and tolerance. This research aims to know how the diversity of life based on cultures values in multiculturalism society in Lasem, Rembang is, and what the model of harmony of multicultural in Lasem is. In this research was found that Lasem is the region which is able to manage the diversity to be a harmonious life. Lasem societies always prioritise ukhkuwah basyariah and ukhuwah wathoniyah to create the dynamic and harmonious life. Lasem is proper to be role model of diversity in Indonesia and to be baldatun thayyibatun warabbun ghafur based on the spirit of pancasila. Some strategies in developing the harmony in multiculturalism which can be taken from lasem are: (1) Strengthen the religious studies of every society, (2) Improving the role of community figures and leaders, (3) improving the role of government, (4) Developing the open minded and good relationship among societies, (5) improving the solidarity in facing external threats (6) Affiliating the residence without any insulation and grouping, (7) Improving the cooperation among multicultural elements of society in their everyday life, (8) Improving the acculturation among people.

The article aims to describe view or representation of mental attitude of Santri in Rural Java about phenomenon of radicalism. Radicalism in social context is still a debate, including among Santri and other religious communities. It is very interesting to study because this actual study attempts to map out the views that exist in the concept of human development. The research method used is qualitative with phenomenology design, data source for this research is Santri and social-religious activities where they live every day. The results of this study are (i) radicalism is understood as deviant behavior in the context of nationalism (ii) most Santri reject the radicalism stereotype of Islam, (iii) there are those who understand that radicalism in Indonesia is Western engineering, and (iv) others think that the root of radicalism comes from the wrong religious learning process. The theoretical implication of this research is that the Santri agree that radicalism must be opposed in the context of nationalism, but the knowledge of radicalism must be presented objectively to remove the negative stigma directed to Islam because Islam is a religion that gives peace to the universe.

Social studies learning in junior high schools are still predominantly carried out in conventional ways. Discussion of knowledge that leads to the development of students' critical knowledge is difficult. This research aims to analyze the process of strengthening students' critical knowledge of controversial issues in the social studies classroom. This research was conducted using qualitative methods with a descriptive design. This study involved nine social studies teachers at junior high schools in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using interviews and observation techniques. Then, the data were checked by the source triangulation technique. The data analysis is a qualitative data analysis model with the Creswell framework. The results of this research are: (i) students' critical knowledge of controversial issues is strengthened through interactive discussions; (ii) problem-based learning model is very relevant for strengthening students' critical knowledge about controversial issues; (iii) teacher instructions that encourage students to work independently, extracting comprehensive information, and the content of the material in debatable discussions make controversy issues very attractive to students. This research concludes that the learning of controversial issues is highly contextual by strengthening students' critical knowledge.

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