PENDAHULUANBeras merupakan bahan pangan pokok yang dikonsumsi oleh 90% penduduk Indonesia. Masyarakat Indonesia masih terbiasa mengkonsumsi beras sebagai bahan pangan utama meskipun ada beberapa jenis bahan makanan lokal yang tersedia. Berdasarkan kebijakan pembangunan pertanian 2015-2019 : (1) Kebijakan peningkatan ketahanan pangan (padi, jagung, kedelai, tebu, daging sapi, cabai dan bawang merah) yang berdampak bagi perekonomian, (2) Kebijakan pengembangan komoditas ekspor dan substitusi impor serta komoditas penyedia bahan baku bio-energi, (3) Kebijakan peningkatan daya saing produk pertanian melalui standarisasi produk dan proses, peningkatan rantai pasok, mutu dan keamanan pangan, (4) Kebijakan pengembangan infrastruktur (lahan, air, sarana dan prasarana) dan agroindustri di perdesaan, sebagai dasar atau landasan pengembangan bio-industri berkelanjutan. Salah satu kebijakan pembangunan pertanian pada tahun 2015 -2019 adalah peningkatan daya saing produk pertanian melalui standarisasi produk dan proses, peningkatan rantai pasok, mutu dan keamanan pangan. Keamanan pangan menurut UU No. 18 Tahun 2012 keamanan pangan adalah kondisi dan upaya yang diperlukan untuk mencegah pangan dari kemungkinan cemaran biologis, kimia, dan benda lain yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan, dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. Keamanan pangan diantaranya adalah menyediakan bahan pangan yang terbebas dari residu dan bahan kimia, juga pangan yang sehat dan bergizi bagi masyarakat.Salah satu bentuk peningkatan daya saing produk pertanian yang memenuhi standarisasi keamanan pangan adalah dengan membuat inovasi beras cerdas berbahan dasar mocaf dan tepung jagung. Beras cerdas merupakan beras analog yang diciptakan oleh akademisi Universitas Jember, beras ini merupakan salah satu bentuk pengolahan singkong dikombinasikan dengan jagung yang menjadi produk berdaya saing dan aman dikonsumsi. Beras yang kita ketahui selama ini adalah beras konvensional yang berasal dari tanaman padi. Kini diciptakan beras cerdas yang terbuat dari bahan -bahan pangan selain beras konvensional namun dibentuk menyerupai beras konvensional agar tidak mengubah kebiasaan masyarakat dalam mengkonsumsi beras. Selain itu beras cerdas CV An ANALISIS KESEDIAAN MEMBAYAR (WILLINGNESS TO PAY) BERAS CERDAS CV AN -NAHLAH DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Agricultural extension is one of the most important factors to increase smallholder sugarcane farmer capacity and encourage the acceleration of technology adoption which positively correlates with farm productivity. This study aims to evaluate the impact of agricultural extension on the productivity of smallholder sugarcane farmers in East Java. While few previous studies showing the relationships, very limited involving a relatively large number of samples. This study used data from Indonesian Plantation Farm Household Survey 2014 by the Indonesian Statistical Agency (BPS). The number of samples was 2,893 farmers consisting of 2,463 farmers who did not participate (control group) and 430 farmers who participated in agricultural extension (treatment group). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to evaluate the impact of agricultural extension on the productivity of sugarcane farming. Typically, the treatment group is better than the control group. The treatment group has an average education of 7.89 years, land area of 2.74 hectares and sugarcane productivity of 72 tons/ha. Meanwhile, the control group has an average education of 5.96 years, land area of 0.88 hectares and sugarcane productivity of 61 tons/ha. Our results show that farmers who participated in agricultural extension have a 9.05 tons higher productivity compared to those who did not participate. Therefore, farmers’ participation in agricultural extension should be encouraged by improving the frequency as well as the quality of agricultural extension. While the number of extension workers for plantation crops is limited, recruitment of more extension workers can be an optional policy for the government.
The integrated value chain is a prerequisite for the successful industrialization of the agricultural sector. Contract farming (CF) is a useful instrument to integrate the agricultural value chain in developing countries such as Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of farmer participation in sugarcane contract farming. The data utilized in this study was obtained from the Indonesian Plantation Farm Household Survey 2014 for Sugarcane. The data consists of 8.831 farmers distributed in 8 provinces. Logistic regression was used to estimate the determinants of farmer participation in sugarcane CF. The result shows that age, education, and type of cultivated land negatively affect farmer participation in sugarcane CF. Meanwhile, land tenure, cultivation area, cropping system, certified seed, membership in a cooperative, access to extension services, and membership in farmer's association positively affect farmer participation in sugarcane CF. The policy implication for increasing farmer participation in CF is to intensify the information of CF to the farmer with a large cultivation area. Since these farmers tend to participate in CF to anticipate marketing risks.
<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong><em>The u</em><em>tilization rate of eel fish locally (in the country) is still very low, this</em><em> is</em><em> </em><em>because</em><em> </em><em>many people</em><em> </em><em>still not</em><em> familiar with this fish</em><em> yet</em><em>. </em><em>M</em><em>ost of the population </em><em>in </em><em>Indonesia </em><em>is still </em><em>not familiar to consume </em><em>an eel </em><em>fish. Until now, the supply of </em><em>eel </em><em>fish seed</em><em>s</em><em> is still</em><em> dependent</em><em> on </em><em>catching in</em><em> nature. The condition of income decline experienced by eel fish farmers in the Kraton </em><em>v</em><em>illage, made changes to the production results caused by the price of eel fish that is still not affordable by the community</em><em>. This change will have an impact on the sustainability of the eel fish cultivation business in Kraton village in Yosowilangun sub-district, Lumajang district. </em><em>This </em><em>study </em><em>aims to know the income of </em><em>eel </em><em>fish</em><em> farmers</em><em> and</em><em> the</em><em> eel fish </em><em>cultivation </em><em>business sustainability. </em><em>This study applied analysis of </em><em>income</em><em> and </em><em>the sustainability of the Rapfish with the descriptive method</em><em>. T</em><em>he results showed that (1) the </em><em>eel fish </em><em>farmers </em><em>at</em><em> Kraton </em><em>village in Yosowilangun sub-district, Lumajang district</em><em> </em><em>earn income</em><em>, (2) the status of sustainability of cultivation is at simply continues on dimension of ecological, social, economic and institutional.</em></p><p><em></em> </p><p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Tingkat pemanfaatan ikan sidat secara lokal (dalam negeri) masih sangat rendah, hal tersebut diakibatkan belum banyak masyarakat yang kenal ikan ini. Sehingga kebanyakan penduduk Indonesia belum familiar untuk mengkonsumsi ikan sidat. Hingga saat ini pasokan benih ikan sidat masih tergantung pada penangkapan di alam. Kondisi penurunan pendapatan yang dialami oleh pembudidaya ikan sidat di Desa Kraton membuat perubahan terhadap hasil produksi yang disebabkan oleh harga ikan sidat yang masih belum terjangkau masyarakat. Perubahan tersebut akan berdampak pada keberlanjutan usaha budidaya Ikan Sidat di Desa Kraton Kecamatan Yosowilangun Kabupaten Lumajang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan pembudidaya ikan sidat serta keberlanjutan usaha budidaya ikan sidat. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis pendapatan, analisis keberlanjutan <em>Rapfish</em> dengan metode diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pembudidaya ikan sidat di Desa Kraton Kecamatan Yosowilangun Kabupaten Lumajang memperoleh pendapatan (2) status keberlanjutan usaha budidaya berada pada status cukup berlanjut pada dimensi ekologi, sosial, ekonomi dan kelembagaan.</p>
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