Sport is defined as a subcategory of physical activity that is carried out systematically and progressively. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) is an indicator to determining an athlete’s fitness in achieving goals. VO2 max in a person largely depends on the efficient transport of oxygen to active tissues. Hematocrit is one indicator that plays a role in oxygen transport to active tissues. The purpose of writing this literature review is to make a review on the relationship between hematocrit levels and VO2 max values in athletes. The reviewed articles were obtained from search results on Google Scholar and PubMed. The articles included are in English and Indonesian, published in 2011-2021. There are differences in results between studies related to the relationship between hematocrit levels and VO2 max values in athletes due to differences in several influencing factors such as gender, physical exercise, dehydration, body fat composition, as well as haemoconcentration and auto-hemodilution phenomena. Keywords: correlations, hematocrit, VO2 max, athletes Abstrak: Olahraga didefinisikan sebagai sub kategori dari aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan secara sistematik dan progresif. Konsumsi oksigen secara maksimal (VO2 maks) merupakan indikator untuk menentukan kebugaran atlet dalam upaya menggapai prestasi. VO2 maks pada seseorang sebagian besar tergantung dari transport oksigen yang efisiensi ke jaringan yang aktif. Hematokrit merupakan salah satu indikator yang berperan terhadap transport oksigen pada jaringan yang aktif. Tujuan penulisan literature review ini adalah yaitu untuk membuat tinjauan tentang hubungan antara kadar hematokrit dengan nilai VO2 maks pada atlet. Artikel yang direview didapatkan dari hasil pencarian pada Google Scholar dan PubMed. Artikel yang disertakan menggunakan bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2011-2021. Terdapat perbedaan hasil antar penelitian terkait hubungan kadar hematokrit dengan nilai VO2 maks pada atlet yang disebabkan adanya perbedaan pada beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi seperti jenis kelamin, latihan fisik, dehidrasi, komposisi lemak tubuh, serta fenomena hemokonsentrasi dan auto hemodilusi. Kata-kata kunci: hubungan, hematokrit, VO2 maks, atlet
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