The petroleum fuel crisis shows that Indonesia's fossil energy reserves are limited. It is necessary to develop an environmentally, friendly and sustainable alternative energy, one of which is bioethanol. This study aims to determine the bioethanol levels of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel with the treatment of cellulase enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger. This research was an experimental study that uses steps such as making dragon fruit peel substrate and filtrate, cellulose degradation with enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger and inoculating with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with a fermentation time of 96 hours and then measured reducing sugar levels with the method of DNS, distillation, and the measurement of bioethanol levels using alcohol meters. The results have shown that using enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger can increase the reduction of 49.68 %  sugar levels in the treatment of T.reesei: A.niger (3: 1) and produce the highest bioethanol level, which is 2.46 % in the treatment of T.reesei: A.niger (2: 1)

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Bioethanol is an alternative energy source that is increasingly needed along with the depletion of petroleum stocks. Bioethanol can be produced by utilizing various wastes, including jackfruit peel and a mixture of crude cellulose enzymes from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger as well as fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis. This study aimed to compare the production of bioethanol using S. cerevisiae and Z. mobilis in fermented jackfruit peel with a mixture of crude cellulose enzymes from T. reesei and A. niger. The experimental design used a completely randomized design with the ratio of crude cellulase enzymes from T. reesei and A. niger as independent variables (0:0), (1:0), (0:1), (1:1), (1:2), (2:1), (1:3), and (3:1) as well as sugar and ethanol content as dependent variables. The sugar content was determined using the DNS method, while the ethanol content was determined using an alcoholmeter. Data analysis used one way ANOVA assisted by SPSS 16. The results showed that the highest sugar content (14.21 percent) was obtained in the ratio of crude cellulase enzymes T. reesei and A. niger (1:3), while the highest ethanol content (3, 16 percent) at a ratio of 1: 2 and fermented using Z. mobilis.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN TEPUNG TULANG IKAN PATIN (Pangasius pangasius) DAN PELET TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KADAR PROTEIN IKAN LELE (Clarias sp.)Agus Tri Susanto, Trianik Widyaningrum ABSTRAK P enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi campuran tepung tulang ikan patin dan pelet terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar protein lele, untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran tepung tulang ikan patin dan pelet yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar protein lele. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari satu faktor yaitu komposisi tepung tulang ikan patin dan pelet dengan komposisi 0% : 00%, 0% : 90%, 0% : 80%, 0% : 0%, 40% : 60% dengan pemberian makan sebanyak 5 % dari berat badan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi campuran tepung tulang ikan patin berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar protein lele, komposisi pemberian tepung tulang ikan patin dan pelet dengan perbandingan 40% : 60% merupakan komposisi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pertambahan berat, panjang dan kadar protein lele. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar siswa SMA Kelas XII pada materi pembelajaran pertumbuhan pada hewan.