<p class="Abstrak"><span>Cowpea [<em>Vigna unguiculata</em> (L.) is more tolerant to drought and acid soil, compared to the other leguminous crops. A total of 150 cowpea germplasm accessions were grown at Muneng Research Station (Probolinggo) during dry seasson of 2014, using a randomized block design, with two replications. Each accession was planted in two rows, of 4 m. Among the total accessions they varied in qualitative and quantitative traits. Most of the accession had ovate leaf shape, purple flower color, cream color of mature pod, and brown to yellowish grain color. Grain yield had a high phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation. Low phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation was shown on days to 50% flowering and days to physiological maturing. Of the eight variables characterizing the cowpea accessions 64.2% could be explained by three factors. The first factor related to grain yield components (number of fertile nodes, number of branches, and grain weight), second factor associated with crop cycles (date of flowering and harvesting), and the third factor associated with the supporting factors (plant height, pod length, and number of grains per pod). The cowpea germplasm could be divided into three groups. Date of flowering and pod maturing were a determinant variable discriminant function. Group I consisted of 70 accessions, dominated by accessions with early maturing, medium plant height, long pod, high number of grains per pod and high grain yield. Group II consisted of 47 accessions with medium pod maturing, short plants, short pod, low number of grains per pod and low grain yield. Group III consisted of 33 accessions, characterized by medium maturing, high plant, short pod, high number of grains per pod and high grain yield. Accessions of cowpea in group I and III have a high yield and are prospective for further utilization.</span></p>

Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting mungbean production worldwide including Indonesia. Since mungbean plant is very sensitive to salt condition, selection of salinity tolerant genotypes becomes important for mungbean improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of eight mungbean genotypes to salinity at seedling stage under different levels. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors (mungbean genotypes and salinity levels) and triplicates. Observation variables were germination percentage, vigor index, germination rate, hypocotyls length, epicotyls length, root length, number of root, seedling fresh weight, and seedling dry weight. The result showed that increasing level of salinity concentration inhibited the speed of germination, germination percentage, vigor index, normal seedling fresh weight, and number of lateral roots. Murai and Vima 1 were identified as tolerant genotypes, while Vima-2 and MLGV 0180 were identified as salinity sensitive genotypes at seedling stage. Currently, mungbean varieties with special characters, such as saline-tolerant is not yet available. The availability of saline-tolerant variety of mungbean is a cheaper and easier technology for farmers to anticipate the expansion of the saline area. The tolerant genotypes may be further tested at the later stage to obtain promising genotype tolerant to salinity that effectively assist mungbean breeding program.

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The acidic soil is generally less productive due to soil pH ranging from 3.1 to 5.0. However, it could be solved through soil amelioration, planting tolerant varieties to acidic soil condition, and a combination of both. Twenty peanut genotypes including two check varieties (Jerapah and Talam 1) were evaluated on dolomite-ameliorated and non ameliorated soil. In the greenhouse, the treatments were laid out in factorial design with four replications, while in the field using strip plot design with three replications. Assessment of tolerance was using Stressed Tolerance Index (STI) according to Fernandez (1992). Results showed that dolomite application at dose equivalent to 0.5 x exchangeable Al was optimal in improving peanut growth, and peanut yield on acidic soil. Lines of GH3 (G/92088/92088-02-B-2-8-1) and GH 4 (G/92088/ 92088-02-B-2-8-2) genotypes had high STI with average yield of 2.47 tha -1 and 2.62 t ha -1 of dry pods and potential yield of 4.05 t ha -1 and 3.73 t ha -1 of dry pods, respectively as well as check varieties (Jerapah and Talam-1). It is concluded that peanut genotype of G/92088//92088-02-B-2-8-1 and G/92088//920 88-02-B-2-8-2 were adaptable and tolerance to acidic, and tolerance of peanuts on acidic soil condition were probably controlled by the buffering mechanisms.