The problems of soybean cultivation on tidal land are low in soil fertility, aluminum (Al) toxicity and poor availability of macro nutrients. Soil acidity and Al toxicity are often fixed by liming. The research aimed to determine the calculation method of lime requirement and its application method for soybean on tidal land. The research was conducted on tidal land in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Treatment consisted of two factors and arranged in randomize complete block design, replicated three times. The first factor was the method of lime rate calculation: (1) no liming, (2) liming based on 10% of Al saturation, (3) liming based on 20% of Al saturation, (4) liming based on 30% of Al saturation, (5) liming based on 0.5 x exchangeable Al, and (6) liming based on 1 x exchangeable Al. The second factor was the method of application: (1) surface and (2) mixed within 20 cm soil depth. The results showed that liming by mixing dolomite with soil within 20 cm depth resulted in 8% higher plant height compared to that applied on the soil surface. The highest yield was obtained when liming at rate equivalent to 10% of Al saturation was mixed with soil within 20 cm depth.

<p class="teks">Salinitas menghambat pertumbuhan dan menurunkan produktivitas tanaman. Ameliorasi tanah salin diperlukan untuk mengurangi pengaruh buruk salinitas tanah terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggap kacang hijau terhadap ameliorasi pada tanah salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Balitkabi Malang pada Maret-Juni 2014 menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, lima ulangan. Faktor I adalah dua tingkat salinitas tanah yaitu: tanah dengan DHL 2-2,3 dS/m dan DHL 2,8-3,2 dS/m. Faktor II adalah pemberian amelioran terdiri atas kontrol, 120 kg K₂O/ha, 2,5 t/ha dolomit, 2,5 t/ha gipsum, 2,5 t/ha organik. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot kering tajuk dan akar, indeks kandungan klorofil daun, hasil dan komponen hasil, analisis tanah sebelum tanam dan sesudah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan salinitas tanah 2,0-2,3 dS/m dan 2,8-3,2 dS/m berpengaruh buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau. Semua peubah pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil mengalami penurunan akibat peningkatan salinitas kecuali kandungan klorofil daun yang relatif tetap. Pemberian amelioran gipsum dosis 2,5 t/ha berpeluang efektif memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau. Penambahan amelioran yang mengandung K, Ca, dan Mg mampu meningkatkan kandungan hara K, Ca, dan Mg serta memperbaiki keseimbangan K/Na, Ca/Na, dan Mg/Na dalam tanaman, namun tidak efektif mengurangi pengaruh negatif salinitas. Diperlukan pencucian garam dari daerah perakaran untuk menurunkan tingkat salinitas agar sesuai untuk pertumbuhan tanaman.</p><p class="teks"> </p><p class="teks"><em>Kata kunci: salinitas, ameliorasi, kacang hijau</em></p>

<p>Soybean in Indonesia mostly is planted on the lowland during dry season. During the season, soybean crops face drought stress at generative phase, that reduces grain yield. Planting of drought tolerance variety is an alternative means to overcome this problem. The objective of this research was to evaluate the adaptability and yield stability of soybean lines tolerant to drought stress. Twelve soybean lines and two check varieties (Wilis and Tidar) were evaluated at eight locations during dry season of 2009 and 2010, planted two times in each location. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. These sites were Mojokerto, Banyuwangi, Pasuruan, and Jombang (East Java), Bantul and Sleman (Yogyakarta), Mataram and Lombok Barat (NTB). No irrigation was added during reproductive phase of the crop. Soil moisture content at 0-20 cm soil layer during the generative phase was equivalent to pF value of 3.0-4.2. Analysis of variance over locations and planting seasons showed that there was significant interaction between genotypes and environments. Among the tested-lines, DV/2984-330 was the only line that showed average stability with high grain yield, averaging of 1.95 t/ha out of its yield potential of 2.83 t/ha. This line showed good adaptability over locations with water shortage (20-30% field capacity) during generative phase. Grain yield of this promising line was 14% higher compared to that of Tidar and 16% higher to that of Wilis. This line is prospective to be released as new variety, possessing drought stress during generative phase.</p>

Groundnut cultivation on saline soil facing complex problems associated with high electrical conductivity (EC), toxic effects of Na cation, imbalance nutrients, and N and P deficiency. Objective of this research was to determine optimum rate of N and P fertilizers for groundnut on saline soil. The trial was conducted on saline soil in Lamongan (EC 8-15 dS/m, pH>8.0, low N, high P) and Tuban (EC 8-16 dS/m, pH>8.0, low N and P) during dry season year 2017. Treatment consisted of two factors, and the combinations were arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was four N fertilizer rates (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg N/ha), and the second factor was four P fertilizer rates (0, 36, 72, and 108 kg P 2 O 5 /ha). Results showed that nitrogen fertilization had no effect on plant height, number of filled pod and plant stand, but improved chlorophyll content, increased100 seed weight, harvest index and yield. Phosphorus fertilization had no effect on all parameters observed, except on 100 seed weight and plant stand. The yield response to N fertilization was linear and quadratic, depending on the location. The optimum N rates was 62-69 kg N/ha. The results indicated that N fertilization had more important role than P fertilization for increasing groundnut yield on saline soil, although the growth did not improve.

<p>Soil salinity has negative effect on crop growth and crop productivity. Information on the response of groundnut varieties to salinity is required for varietal selection adaptable to saline  soil condition. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (Iletri), Malang, East Java from July to September 2013. The objective of the research was to study the effect of salinity on groundnut growth.<br />Ten groundnut varieties, consisted of seven varieties of Spanish type and three varieties of Valencia type, were tested on six levels of soil salinity. The treatment combinations were arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated four times. The soil salinity level was obtained by treating soil media using sea water dilution. Observations were made on electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content index, shoot<br />and root dry weight, number and dry weight of pods, and number and dry weight of normal seeds. Results showed that increasing the salinity level inhibited both vegetative and generative growth and the critical age to the plants affected by salinity was 45-65days after sowing. All variables of plant growth and yield components decreased with the increase of salinity level. The highest EC value of the soil for groundnut planting to produce pods and seeds was 1.60-1.84 dS/m. Based on the growth variables, varieties of Valencia-type semed to be more tolerant to salinity than did Spanish-type, but there was no tolerance difference based on crop yield and yield components between the two groundnut groups. Higher tolerance of Valencia type was probably due to its ability to absorb and translocate more K in saline conditions. Among the Valencia type varieties tested, Domba variety indicated the most tolerance.</p>