Transfusion of packed RBCs may significantly increase intravascular levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with FNHTRs.

Flow cytometry is more sensitive than SPRCA assay for detecting platelet antibodies. Detection of platelet antibodies is useful in explaining the immune mechanism and platelet transfusion refractoriness in ITP.

HLA class I antibodies are frequently found in ITP. The screening of platelet antibodies including platelet-specific antibodies and unappreciated HLA class I antibodies is warranted in patients with ITP.