World Health Organization (WHO) defines disability as "an umbrella term that involves impairments in body function or structure, the difficulties encountered in performing an action, and the restriction of participation in life requirements". While 5% of children under the age of 15 years have a moderate or severe disability worldwide, 21.1% of the disabled individuals are under 15 years old ın our country. Disabled individuals face serious obstacles in reaching many services such as medical care, employment, education, transportation and housing. Although there are various legal arrangements in the world and in our country to determine and secure the rights of disabled people, permanent solutions have not been obtained. Disabled individuals subject to discrimination and exclusion, particularly in terms of school and work life, access to economic resources and public services. The physical environment conditions, which are not designed according to the disabilities increase the exclusion from the society. So children with disabilities are one of the most vulnerable groups. Disadvantageous conditions come into the foreground for disabled children in almost all health problems. Disabled children's health may be improved and socialized through a comprehensive approach including the education of the child and the families, providing health and care services. The necessary interventions to maintain and improve the health of the disabled children should be adopted and implemented by all sectors in order to socialize them.
Sağlığın geliştirilmesi kapsamında uygulanan stratejiler kısa dönemde sağlıkla ilgili risk faktörlerinin azalmasını, orta dönemde koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanımının artmasını, yaşam biçimlerinin düzenlenmesini sağlar. Uzun dönemde ise sağlıklı yaşam yıllarının artmasını sağlayarak sağlıklı bir toplum oluşmasına katkıda bulunur. Sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlığın geliştirilmesi için karşılanması gereken en önemli alandır. Bedenen, zihnen, sosyal, duygusal ve bilişsel yönden iyilik hâlinin devam ettirilebilmesi için hastalık ve sağlık algısının oluşması ve bilgi birikiminin artmasında yaşanılan sosyal ve kültürel yapı (gelenek, görenek, inanç, vb.) ve kazanılan deneyimler rol oynamaktadır. Bu da kişilerin çocukluk çağından itibaren sağlıkla ilgili konularda eğitilmelerini gerektirmektedir. Çocuk ve adolesanlara yaşlarına, beceri ve kapasitelerine uygun olarak temizlik ve özbakım, beslenme, uyku, güvenli cinsel davranış, tütün, alkol ve madde bağımlılığından korunma, ekran bağımlılığından korunma, trafik kazalarından korunmak için gerekli olan güvenli davranışlar, ihmal ve istismardan korunma gibi konularda eğitim verilmelidir. Bu eğitim sayesinde sağlığın geliştirilmesi yaklaşımı kapsamında çocuk ve adolesanların doğru bilgi, olumlu tutum ve davranış kazanmaları için çeşitli yaşam becerilerinin kazandırılması sağlanabilir. Tüm bu sürecin sağlık okuryazarlığının geliştirilmesine yönelik bakış açısının içinde yer almasıyla toplumun sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi yükselecek, toplumun sağlık hizmetlerini anlayıp kullanabilmesi kolaylaşacak; böylece sağlıklı yaşam yılları ve kalitesi artacak, sağlıkta eşitsizlikler giderilebilecektir.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine descriptive characteristics of dental students, to investigate their professional expectations, career decision criteria, and related factors; to examine how (if any) seniority in school affects these. Subjects and methods: During the period of 2018-2019, all 1-5 grade students (n = 754) of Hacettepe University Dental School were invited to participate and those who accepted had filled under observation a standard questionnaire form of 35 questions (83.4%). In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, chi-square, Student's t-test and ANOVA and Odds ratio methods were used. Results: In this cross-sectional study, 66% of the group were female, age range was 18-30 (mean±SD= 21.2 ± 1.7). The most common reasons for choosing dentistry were “financial benefits”, “job security” and “professional status”. “Undertake specialist training” (80.2%) was the most common short-term expectation after graduation; two most common long-term expectations were “having a private clinic” (57.9%) and “completing specialization training” (56.0%). The most important factors affecting the post-graduation working plans were work-life balance and economic stability. Conclusion: It is recommended to provide adequate counseling and guidance to students about potential career paths to maximize a balanced and widely accessible oral health service delivery across the country with more motivated dentists. Qualitative research may improve our understanding of how dental education can be improved to fulfill students’ expectations from school, and to motivate dental students towards general practitioning in the future.
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