This study investigates the performance of a solar adsorption refrigerator using activated alumina and methanol adsorption pair. The experiments were carried out for 24-hour. The refrigeration was completed during seven cycles with varying weather conditions. A flat plate type collector was used with an area of 0.25 m 2 and tilt angle of 30 o . Theoretical calculations show that, the maximum collector efficiency is 47.15% when the maximum solar radiation obtained is 936.9 W/m 2 . In this research, the maximum value of the COP is 0.0991 when the total solar energy is 16.485 MJ/m 2 and the minimum value obtained is 0.0919 when the total solar energy is 7.609 MJ/m 2 . The experiment results show that the adsorption pair system can deliver an evaporator temperature of about 9.92°C and the cooling load can be achieved by a heat source with a temperature range of 83.95°C and 95.39 o C.
Abstract. An observation was performed to evaluate the performance of direct injection stationary diesel engine which used a blends of biodiesel of Sunan pecan seed. The experiments were done with diesel oil, B5, B10, B15 and B20 in the engine speed variety. Results showed that the values of torque, power and thermal efficiency tend to decrease when the engine is using B5, B10, B15 and B20 , compared to diesel oil. It also shown that the specific fuel consumption is increased when using B5, B10, B15 and B20. From the results of experiments and calculations, the maximum power of 3.08 kW, minimum specific fuel consumption of 189.93 g/kWh and maximum thermal efficiency of 45.53% when engine using diesel oil. However, exhaust gases were measured include opacity, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon when the engine using biodiesel B5, B10, B15 and B20 decreased.
Saat ini bahan bakar biodiesel yang digunakan untuk mesin diesel umumnya berasal dari CPO (crude palm oil). Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan bakar biodiesel dengan bahan baku minyak kedelai. Tujuan penelitian ini selain untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja mesin, diteliti juga efeknya terhadap perubahan temperatur di ruang bakar mesin diesel yang diuji dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan. Perlu diketahui bahwa perubahan temperatur di ruang bakar sangat mempengaruhi proses pembakaran yang dihasilkan mesin dan hal masih sangat jarang dikaji oleh para peneliti. Metode penelitian diawali dengan pengujian nilai kalor bahan bakar yaitu B30, B20, B10 dan minyak solar. Untuk pengujian kinerja mesin digunakan mesin diesel empat langkah tanpa modifikasi. Dari hasil eksperimental tampak bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai pemakaian bahan bakar spesifik yang sesuai dengan meningkatnya komposisi biodiesel minyak kedelai di dalam campuran bahan bakar. Besarnya emisi gas buang CO dan HC mengalami penurunan saat menggunakan bahan bakar B10, B20 dan B30. Data eksperimental menunjukkan bahwa daya maksimum diperoleh 1,26 kW, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik 373,15 g/kWh dan efisiensi termal maksimum 23,04% saat menggunakan bahan bakar solar. Temperatur maksimum ruang bakar mesin diesel diperoleh saat menggunakan bahan bakar solar sebesar 507,86°C. Data pengujian menunjukkan bahwa temperatur ruang bakar minimum diperoleh saat mesin diesel menggunakan bahan bakar B30 sebesar 388,49°C.
Abstract. In the present work, the performance of an adsorption refrigerator driven by a solar collector was investigated. The adsorbent used in this study was 6.5 kg ordinary granular activated carbon of coconut shell produced in the Sumatera Utara province of Indonesia, 3 liters of methanol as adsorbate and 4.5 litres of water as the medium that was cooled. The experiments were carried out under varying weather conditions during seven cycles with total solar radiation about 2.681-3.918 kWh/m 2 /cycle. In this study, the values of the coefficient of performance (COP) obtained were about 0.0827-0.1271. The values of specific cooling power (SCP) obtained were in the range of 0.01839-0.01883 kW/kg. The experimental results show that the adsorption refrigerator system can deliver an evaporator temperature of about 2.81-13.61°C.
ABSTRAK: Perkembangan dunia industri yang semakin pesat dan kelangkaan akan bahan bakar fosil mendorong dilakukannya penelitian untuk mengembangkan sumber bahan bakar alternatif untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar solar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan bahan bakar alternatif biodiesel POME yang diperoleh dari pengolahan limbah asam lemak sawit melalui proses esterifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan campuran solar-biodiesel POME terhadap parameter performansi mesin genset diesel.Variasi bahan bakar yang digunakan solar, B5, B10, B15 dan B20.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kalor paling tinggi terdapat pada bahan bakar solar sebesar 43294 kJ/kg. Dan nilai kalor paling rendah terdapat pada bahan bakar B20 yaitu 34708 kJ/kg.Dari hasil pengujian di laboratorium diperoleh bahwa daya maksimum terjadi saat mesin menggunakan bahan bakar solar pada putaran mesin 1200 rpm sebesar 445,03 watt. Sedangkan daya minimum diperoleh saat mesin menggunakan bahan bakar B20 pada putaran mesin 700 rpm sebesar 121,84 watt. Untuk nilai konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik minimum diperoleh sebesar 359 gr/kWh pada pemakaian bahan bakar premium pada putaran mesin 1200 rpm dan konsumsi bahan bakar maksimum diperoleh saat mesin menggunakan bahan bakar B20 sebesar 930,84 pada putaran mesin 700 rpm. Besarnya efisiensi termal maksimum sebesar 24% dengan menggunakan solar untuk putaran mesin 1200 rpm dan nilai efisiensi termal minimum sebesar 11,55% dengan menggunakan bahan bakar B20 pada putaran mesin 700 rpm.Kondisi tingkat kekabutan atau opasitas emisi gas buang paling tinggi terjadi saat mesin menggunakan bahan bakar solar dan minimum saat mesin menggunakan bahan bakar B20.Kata kunci :biodiesel limbah sawit, performansi mesin
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