No abstract

The present study focuses on assessing the effects of different numbers of skidders on soil compaction. To assess the skidding effects, four-wheeled small-scale logging equipment attached to an ATV (Automated Transfer Vehicle) was used. Skidding operations were carried out on undistributed forest corridor (20 × 3 m).To measure soil compaction, 11 measurement lines were used, spaced at 2-m intervals. A total of 33 measurement points were used to measure soil compaction. Soil compaction values were measured for different soil depths with 5 cm intervals in the 0-40 cm range as MpA. The results were evaluated for the skidding zone and the wheel zone. Prior to skidding, soil compactions at 0 cm (top soil) is almost 2.5-3 times lower than those at the other depths. The p values indicate that the numbers of passes and the compaction values belong to nonidentical groups. The Bonferroni method was used to determine whether the compaction values are similar. The Dunn test results demonstrate that there were statistically significant differences between the mean values of the number of passes up to the 60th pass. However, there are no statistically significant differences between the means of the compaction values occurring between 60 and 80 and 100 and 120 passes. Generally, soil compaction is expressed as an increase in the soil bulk density. Soil bulk density and soil porosity are negatively correlated. It was found that for each of the zones, soil compaction values between the depths of 15 cm and 40 cm are approximately 4 times higher than at the 0 cm soil depth. Soil compaction values increased 3 times at the depths of between 0 cm and 5 cm. The average soil compactions values in the skidding zone are approximately 1.5 times higher than those at the wheel zones at the depth greater than 5 cm. The use of different skid trails will decrease soil compaction of the forest stand, provide uniformity of soil compactions in forest stand.

No abstract

No abstract

ÖZ Bina dış cephe imalatları yüksekte çalışma ortamı gerektirmektedir. İş iskeleleri, yüksekte yapılan çalışmalarda kullanılan yaygın iş araçlarıdır. İstatistiki veriler, ülkemizde inşaat işlerinde yüksekten düşme sonucu meydana gelen kaza sayılarının gelişmiş ülkelere nazaran oldukça yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Yüksekten düşme sonucu oluşan iş kazaları, çoğunlukla güvensiz iskele kullanılmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda; iş iskeleleri, standart ve iş güvenliği mevzuatında tanımlanan esaslara göre değerlendirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, iş iskelelerine yönelik yasal düzenlemeler derlenerek inşaat şantiyelerinde karşılaşılan güvensiz iskele uygulamalarından örnekler sunulmuştur. Sunulan örnekler, Antalya ilinde özel mülkiyete ait inşaat şantiyelerindeki iş iskelesi uygulamalarını içermektedir. Çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde, güvensiz iskele uygulamalarının terkedilebilmesi amacıyla şantiyelerde gerçekleştirilen uygulama ve denetimler hakkında öneriler sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: İş iskelesi, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği, yapım işleri, yüksekten düşme ABSTRACT Construction works on building facades, requires high working environment. Working scaffolds are the work tools which widely used in construction works at high. Statistical data shows that in our country the number of accidents occurring result of falling from high in construction works is quite high compared to developed countries. Occupational accidents, caused by falls from high, are often caused by using of unsafe scaffold. In this context; scaffolds must be assessed according to the principles are defined in standart and occupational safety legislation. In this study, the principles of the scaffold was complied and examples of unsafe scaffold practices in construction sites was presented. Presented examples include scaffold practices in privately owned construction sites in the province of Antalya. Recommendations about practice and inspection, in order to abandone unsafe scaffold practice were presented.