This study examines the extent to which ethnic identity is a protective factor and buffers the stress of discrimination among the foreign born compared to the U.S. born in Miami‐Dade County. Data were drawn from the 2011 Miami‐Dade Health Survey (N = 444), which is a countywide probability sample of adults in South Florida. Two interaction effects were observed: (a) a stronger ethnic identity was associated with less distress among the foreign born than the U.S. born; and (b) a stronger ethnic identity exacerbated the relationship between everyday discrimination and distress among the U.S. born. Ethnic identity, which involves ethnic pride, participation in cultural practices, and cultural commitment or sense of belonging, was associated with better psychological well‐being among the foreign born than the U.S. born. Ethnic identity, however, was not a protective factor for the U.S. born, but rather it intensified the distressing effect of discrimination.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of a woman's age at first marriage (AFM) on the incidence of labor complications and babies with low birth weight (LBW).Methods: This study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) on women aged 15~49 who gave birth to their first child within the previous 5 years. Data analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression for labor complications and the binomial probit method for the incidence of LBW.Results: The analysis showed that AFM affected the likelihood of childbirth complications and LBW babies. An increase in AFM tended to reduce the risk of childbirth complications, although poor economic conditions increased the risk of complications in mothers with a higher AFM. In addition, a low or high AFM increased the chances of delivering a baby with LBW.Conclusion: A low AFM was associated with an increased likelihood of women experiencing birth complications when delivering their first child and delivering babies with LBW, underscoring the importance of delaying childbirth until a more mature age.

Our findings draw attention to how the psychological effects of discrimination vary by racial/ethnic group, gender, and location in the United States. The relationship between everyday discrimination and higher levels of psychological distress especially among those who have lived in Hawai'i longer, women, and Whites indicates that targeted medical and social interventions are needed to protect the mental health of college students. (PsycINFO Database Record

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A growing social scientific literature suggests that ethnic identity has implications for mental health. Ethnic identity refers to a sense of ethnic pride, involvement in ethnic practices, and cultural commitment to one's ethnic group. Thus far, studies on the relationship between ethnic identity and mental health have provided contradictory findings. Some studies find that having a strong ethnic identity is associated with better mental health, while other studies indicate that ethnic identity does not influence mental health. Moreover, these findings have varied by racial/ethnic group as well as by the measurement of ethnic identity and mental health. We discuss the conceptualization of ethnicity, the two opposing hypotheses that have framed the literature, evidence of the mental health consequences of ethnic identity, and its role in coping with discrimination. Finally, gaps in the literature and suggestions for future research are also highlighted.