Composite built by patchouli biochar and metal oxide, Cr 2 O 3 , is a potential material for remediation of contaminated wasterwater. Oxidation of biochar using acid or salt oxidators can improve its surface polar functional groups. This treatment may be able to increase impregnation of metal cation (as salt) before calcination to form its oxide. In this research, 3 types of oxidators were used to oxidize the biochar before impregnation with purpose to study its influence toward physichochemistry and adsorption performance of the composite. Preparation of the composite included 3 steps, namely preparation of biochar by pyrolisis of patchouli biomass using

Textile sludge waste contains many organic matters so that it is potential to be used as mesoporous carbon precursor. Actived carbon with mesopore character is effective as adsorbent and catalyst carrier of large molecules. Synthesis of the activated mesoporous carbon was done with purpose to study influence of activation temperature toward characters of the carbon. Process of the synthesis involved dry sludge (50 g) as precursor, concentrated sodium silicate solution SiO2 24.5% and Na2O 7.5% (50 mL) as template source, 1 M HCl solution (50 mL) as polimering agent, carbonization condition at 600 °C 3 h under nitrogen gas flow, activation conditions with NaOH 50% and various temperatures (400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 °C), and demineralizatin conditions with 0.1 M HCl solution for 4 h and 125 rpm. All of the products were characterized with methylen blue method to determine specific pore volume and specific surface area. The carbon obtained at optimum temperature was characterized again with surface area analyzer. Result of the research showed that the optimum condition was achieved at activation temperature of 500 °C. Characters of the synthesized carbon at the optimum condition were specific surface area of 638.32 m2/g, specific pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g, average pore diameter of 21.78 Å, and methylene blue number of 358.87 mg/g.   Keywords: actived mesoporous carbon, textile sludge, temperature

No abstract

This study provides information about the physicochemical properties and performance of activated carbon combined with copper to remove paracetamol from waste models. The activated carbon (AC) comes from coconut shell charcoal. CuCl2 was used as the copper source which then combined with activated carbon (AC). The AC was obtained by activating the coconut shell charcoal using KOH and 500°C calcination for 10 minutes. Carbon functionalization were done using H2SO4 6M as an oxidizer and temperature of 80°C for 3 hours. The impregnation of activated carbon with CuCl2 produces CuCl2/AC, then the CuCl2/AC was reacted with NaOH 5M to form precipitation of Cu(OH)2/AC. CuO/AC composite was finally produced by calcining the Cu(OH)2/AC to 950°C for 5 minute. The composite was characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRF and X-ray diffraction. The adsorption of paracetamol with CuO/AC composite gave the best results with 95.56% efficiency.

Study of dyes adsorption (rhodamine B, methylene blue and carmine) carried out by using mesoporous carbon synthesized at various carbonization time. The purpose of this research was to understand influence of carbonization time to performance of the mesoporous carbon in dyes adsorption. In addition, adsorption performance of the mesoporous carbon and commercial carbon were compared. The adsorption test were conducted at conditions: 0.1 g of adsorbent, 25 mL of dyes solutions 100 ppm and shaking rate 125 rpm for 4 hour. Filtrate was used to determine remain concentration of the dyes with UV-visible spectrophotometry. Result of the research showed that the carbonization time from 1 to 3 hours improved the adsorption, whereas from 3 to 5 hours decreased it. The best character of the mesoporous carbon obtained at carbonization time of 3 hours with adsorption values of 96.43 ± 0.37 % for rhodamine-B, 38.80 ± 1.44 % for methylene blue and 48.51 ± 1.55 % for carmine. The adsorption values of the mesoporous carbon were 0.97 times for rhodamine B, 0.48 times for carmine, and 0.39 times for methylene blue compared with the commercial activated carbon.