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SMD-0.33, 95% CI-0.57 ~-0.08, I2= 74%). Respectively, teleconferencing and webconferencing showed significant improvements by subgroup analysis. Especially, improvement of depressive symptom was significantly higher for telepsychotherapy in studies where telepsychotherapy was performed more than twice a month (SMD-0.48, 95% CI-0.72 ~-0.25, I2= 16%), and the follow up period was between 4-11 months (SMD-0.36, 95% CI-0.57 ~-0.16, I2= 31%). 2 articles compared telepsychotherapy and face-to-face psychotherapy, but each study had a different target population and intervention modality. They showed controversial results in depressive symptom score (Respectively, SMD 0.39, 95% CI 0.15 ~ 0.63, SMD-0.33, 95% CI-0.68 ~ 0.01). ConClusions: Telepsychotherapy may be effective than care as usual in depressive symptom improvement in patients with depressive disorder. However most of the articles were published before 2012 as telephone, so additional studies are needed to confirm the clinical effectiveness of telepsychotherapy, especially compare with face-to-face psychotherapy.