<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung gembili pada nugget ikan tongkol terhadap karakteristik kimia (kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, karbohidrat), karakteristik fisik (hardness), karakteristik fungsional (kadar serat pangan dan inulin) dan karakteristik sensoris nugget ikan tongkol. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 1 faktor dengan 5 variasi. Variasi perlakuan terletak pada proporsi jumlah tepung terigu dan tepung gembili sebagai filler nugget ikan tongkol yaitu F1(20% : 0%), F2 (15% : 5%), F3 (10% : 10%), F4 (5% : 15%) dan F5 (0% : 20%). Penelitian dilakukan dalam 3 kali ulangan perlakuan. Dalam setiap ulangan perlakuan dilakukan 2 kali analisa. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan One Way ANOVA dan jika terdapat beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT dengan α = 5%.<br />Berdasarkan penelitian, penambahan tepung gembili sebagai substitusi tepung terigu pada filler nugget ikan tongkol tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar air, lemak, protein, dan karbohidrat nugget ikan tongkol, namun meningkatkan kadar abu, serat pangan, dan inulin nugget ikan tongkol. Penambahan tepung gembili pada filler nugget ikan tongkol juga menurunkan tingkat kekerasan (hardness) nugget ikan tongkol. Selain itu, penambahan tepung gembili sebagai substitusi tepung terigu pada filler nugget ikan tongkol juga tidak mempengaruhi tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap karakteristik sensoris (warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur, dan overall) nugget ikan tongkol.<br />Kata kunci: Tepung gembili, tepung terigu, nugget ikan tongkol.</p>

Dry noodles are food processed products made from wheat flour with or without the addition of other food ingredients with a moisture content of around 8 to 10%, this product is very popular with the public. This study studied the effect of the proportion of white oyster mushroom flour with wheat flour on the characteristics of dry carrot noodles. The proportions given include; 100% wheat flour, 20% mushroom flour with 80% wheat flour, 40% mushroom flour with 60% flour, 60% mushroom flour with 40% wheat flour, 80% mushroom flour with 20% wheat flour, and the proportion of mushroom flour 100 %. The experimental design used a single randomized block design, then statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and further test of BNJ 5%. The results showed that the proportion of mushroom flour with wheat flour had a very significant effect on cooking loss, physical color redness, moisture content, protein content and color sensory tests, aroma, texture, and taste on dry carrot noodles. Also had a significant effect on physical texture and beta-carotene levels, and had no significant effect on lightness and yellowness on the physical color test. The best treatment in making dry carrot noodles is the proportion of 20% wheat flour with 80% mushroom flour, which shows the results of the analysis of cooking loss (6.46%), lightness (15.76), redness (-2.4), yellowness (4.95). ), physical texture (1.57 kg/cm2), water content (50.82%), protein content (15.45%)and organoleptic test for color 3.67 (neutral ), aroma 4.00 (like), texture 3.33 (neutral), taste 3.67 (neutral).

Background: According to the survey, the percentage of food waste’s diabetes melitus patients in the Imanuel Hospital of Bandar lampung was 38% and still have not reached the minimum service standars (<20%). Objective: This study aimsed to analyze the factors associated with food waste in diabetes melitus patients in Hospital Imanuel. Methods: Descriptive analytic research using cross sectional study design. The study used 50 samples was take with purposive sampling. The age, sex, food appearance, taste of food and service providers data were obtained by questionnaires, and food waste data were obtained by comstock form. The data analysis used was descriptive and inferential using the Chi Square statistical test. Results: About 46% of patients was 56-65 years old, and 78% was sex women. Leftovers from patients in the good category were 15 respondents (30%) while those who had leftovers that were not good were 35 respondents (70%). There was significant association between  appearance of food (p-value=0,005)  and taste of food (p-value=0,002) with the food waste. There was no significant association  between service providers (p-value=0,776) with the food waste. Conclusion: Factors related to leftovers from diabetes mellitus patients at Immanuel Hospital are the appearance and taste of the food . Therefore, these two variables need to be considered in order to minimize food waste in diabetes mellitus patients at Immanuel Hospital.