Television is an electronic communication system that is capable of transmitting, processing and receiving information by wireless medium. This work is aimed at investigating the performance of selected pathloss models for wireless communication. In this work, two TV stations were considered for investigation. The work presents a field measurement conducted at 645.00 MHz (station 1) and 698.00 MHz (station 2) in Abuja. The measurement were taken for each TV station with a handheld RF field strength spectrum analyzer and a Garmin 72H GPS receiver. In this work, we assessed the performance of ten selected pathloss models and in comparison with pathloss model based on propagation measurements taken from selected TV stations. These pathloss model were subjected to performance metrics: Mean Prediction Error (MPE) and Root Average Squared Prediction Error (RASPE) to ascertain their suitability and applicability in the environment under consideration. The RASPE is the most apparent metric for analyzing error of predictive models. The results of the prediction provide detailed error analysis of the existing pathloss models. The acceptable radio prediction value for TV is 10 dB. The lower the value, the better the performance. Besides, the ten existing prediction models gave RASPE values in excess of 10 dB. Therefore, this translates to the fact that these models do not fully predict the pathloss for TV broadcasting in Abuja.

The aim of this research is to carryout Performance Analysis and Comparison of Wired and Wireless Communication Systems using Local Area Network (LAN) based on IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.11 standard, carried out with emphasis on Throughput, Delay, Bit error rate and Signal to Noise Ratio by collecting data at the Delta State University e-library network.. From the experimental results of the ten shots sample data for both wired and wireless networks, the wired network in its three transmission protocols (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) has overall throughput average of 6085Kbps, while the wireless has overall throughput average of 52752Kbps. From the computed total average values, the wired network exhibited delays of 4ms, 45ms and 6ms in its (TCP, IPV4 & 6ms) respectively with overall average of 52 milliseconds (52ms). While on the other hand the wireless had delays of 36ms, 4ms & 52 ms in its (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 57 milliseconds (57ms). In terms of Bit Error Rate, the wired network have bit error rate of 1.364E-03%, 7.773E-05% and 7.28E-06% in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 4.83003E-04%. While the wireless network have the values of 8.-7E-05%, 0% and 7.61E-04% in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 2.805667E-04%. With respect to Signal to Noise Ratio, the wired network have signal to noise ratio overall average of 8.266 dB. While the wireless network have the overall average of 5.178 dB. Based on the, networks performance metrics statistical data analyzed above for both wired and wireless, we are of the opinion that the wireless network is preferable to the wired network under the area investigated.

This study introduces the build out and implementation of a wireless sensor network that was used to monitor dynamic pressure of water flowing inside a pipe against leak. At 5 chosen points along a prototype water pipeline, pressure sensors (HK1100C) were used to collect pressure data and its voltage data equivalent. Five locally designed and constructed field sensor nodes made up of pressure sensors, Ardiuno boards containing an 8-bit ATmega328P microcontrollers, GSM SIM800L modules, and power sources were used to process and analyze the pressure data such that when the pressure data falls below 9psi, 9.5psi, 10psi, 10.5psi, and 11psi respectively at the 5 chosen points, the information is processed by the Ardiuno boards containing an 8-bit Atmega328P microcontrollers and then passed on to the GSM SIM800L modules of respective field sensor nodes which then transmit these information as radio waves to the master sensor node of the network that has an LCD JHD162 module and a buzzer.. The received radio waves were converted back into electrical signals by the transceiver contained in the GSM SIM800L module of the master sensor node and used to power the LCD and buzzer to indicate ‘low pressure’ and sound an alarm simultaneously. The location of the pressure drop is identified and the cause rectified by trained personnel. SIM cards of chosen GSM networks were inserted into the various GSM SIM800L modules contained in the sensor nodes (fields and master nodes) for communication. Also, an experiential evaluation of the relationship between leaks and pressure variations was carried out at one of the chosen 5 points along the prototype water pipeline.

<p>Offshore equipment and facilities are some of the most capital intensive and strategically located assets that require millions to billions of dollars to setup. Thus, it is important to put in place a stout security and surveillance system to ultimately protect these assets from vandalisation and theft. Monitoring of intruders/ unfamiliar objects within and outside the offshore platform requires a round-the-clock observation through provided security personnel who are stationed so as to quickly respond to any threat within a safe distance in the event of any physical intrusion but this measure is fraught with some challenges. Some of these challenges include fatigue, error in human judgement, and the limited vision of humans to mention but a few. To remedy these weaknesses and ensure a robust protection, the design and implementation/ setting up of a surveillance system to detect and track real time security concerns with a much wider and effective coverage area to enable the control unit make a well informed decision appropriately is an imperative. The system presented in this paper is designed to operate in harsh (sea waves, and fog) and unprotected (extreme heat, cold precipitation) environment.</p>

This paper presents new empirical prediction models for loss estimation in forest environment. Experimental investigations were carried out on groups of trees in form of woodland and lines of trees at SHF band under different operational contexts. In the experimentations, two major measurement geometries (propagation “into” and propagation “inside” forest) were adopted on site to site basis. Results from all the sites displayed a common trend, in that they all showed a persistent decay in signal power with the depth of vegetation and which is dependent on the measurement geometries. Using a “Power Law” theory, a new empirical loss prediction model has been proposed for each propagation scenario using parametric equations which are in line with the general formulations of the ITU-R models. These new models were tested with the standard empirical loss prediction models and gave a statistical adherence with the fitted ITU-R model. It is anticipated that these new models will address the inadequacy in the existing prediction models which have not taken cognizance of the differences in operational contexts of each propagation scenario in their formulations.