Introduction: Patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) need adjuvant intravesical treatment after surgery. Although bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is highly effective, new adjuvant treatments to decrease recurrences and toxicity have been studies. We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched study to compare the efficacy of BCG and chemohyperthermia (C-HT). Methods: We included 1937 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer between January 2004 and January 2014. The primary efficacy endpoint was recurrence-free interval. Patients treated with C-HT were matched with patients treated with BCG using propensity score-matched analysis. Cox-regression models were used to estimate the association between intravesical treatments and the presence of recurrence and progression. Results: Of the 710 patients treated with intravesical treatments, 40 and 142 were eligible for inclusion in C-HT and BCG groups, respectively. Following case matching, there were no differences in patient or tumour characteristics between treatment groups. The 2-year recurrence-free interval in C-HT and BCG groups were 76.2% and 93.9%, respectively (p = 0.020). C-HT treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-26.43; p = 0.036) and high-grade tumour (HR 4.60; 95% CI 1.01-20.88; p = 0.048) are associated with an elevated odds of tumour recurrence. In multivariate Cox-regression analysis, there was no significant difference between C-HT and BCG in the odds of recurrence (p = 0.054). There were no differences in progression between C-HT and BCG. Conclusion: C-HT is not as effective treatment as BCG in high-risk NMIBC patients who are BCG-naive. Although, there were no significant difference in the odds of recurrence, recurrence-free interval is significantly improved by the administration of BCG.

IntroductionOur aim is to evaluate the influence of clinical and histopathological parameters, including age, gender, tumor stage, grade, tumor differentiation, necrosis, lymphovascular/perineural invasion (LVI/PNI) and concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), on outcomes of patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).Material and methodsA total of 84 patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) (n = 11) and radical cystoprostatectomy (n = 73) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer at our hospital between 2007-2013, were included in the study.ResultsThe mean age of patients at diagnosis was 66.1, of whom 75 were males and 9 were females. Of the 84 patients, 38 were ≤65 years and 46 were >65 years. Mean tumor diameter was 3.66 cm. There were 38 cases which showed divergent differentiations. Concomitant CIS was observed in 30 tumors, 41 cases showed tumor necrosis, 44 PNI and 61 LVI.The rate of overall survival (OS) in patients aged ≤65 years was statistically significantly higher than in those aged >65 years. A negative statistical relationship was found between OS with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor differentiation. On the other hand, necrosis did not remain significant on multivariate analysis.No statistically significant relationship was found between smoking, tumor stage, PNI, LVI and concomitant CIS and OS.ConclusionsIn this study, advanced age, LNM, tumor differentiation were found to be independent prognostic risk factors associated with OS after RC. These additional factors, which may explain the different clinical course in patients with similar tumor stage and lymph node status, should be taken into consideration in treatment planning.

Our experimental study demonstrated positive effects of platelet-rich plasma on nerve regeneration.

Ki-67 and p53 expression rates were statistically significantly correlated with grade of mammary PTs; therefore, they can be used in the determination of tumor grade, especially for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors. Malignant and benign tumors did not differ significantly in terms of hormone receptor and HER2 expression. HER2 expression showed different patterns in the epithelial component of the PTs.

Urothelial carcinoma developing in orthotopic ileal neobladder is an extremely rare entity. Fewer than 10 cases have been reported in the literature describing urothelial carcinoma recurrence in orthotopic ileal neobladder. We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma recurrence in orthotopic ileal neobladder after 11 years of surgery.