This study was carried out to quantify the transfer of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from commercial ¢sh feed into the edible part of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) under normal rearing conditions. Trout were fed with high-energy feed for salmon (fat content 26^30%) over a period of 19 months. The average weight of the ¢sh increased from 10 g to more than 2092 g, reaching a size of up to 51-cm length (Tl). Considerable amounts of PCDDs and PCDFs were transferred from the ¢sh feed into the tissue of the trout. Dioxin concentrations increased during the time of feeding from 0.054 up to 0.914 ng WHO-PCDD/F-TEQs kg À 1 wet weight and from 4.991 to 15.815 ng WHO-PCDD/F-TEQs kg À 1 fat. A correlation was found between the dioxin concentration of the feed and the resulting concentration in the fat of the muscle tissue. The data allow the establishment of transfer rates from a high-energy diet to farmed rainbow trout.
Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like PCBs in the edible part of fish and in fishery products were studied to gain an overview on actual contaminant levels on the German market.The investigation focused mainly on fish species with higher fat content and was orientated to cover all important fishing grounds for the supply of the German market. Pooled samples of 32 different fish species, 5 crustacean and mussel species and some typical products were analysed. Fish with low and moderate fat content kept on average below 1 ng Sum WHO-PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ ng kg -1 wet weight and fish with high fat content (> 10 %) ranged between 1 to 3 ng kg -1 w.w.. A dependence of the WHO-TEQ concentrations in the muscle meat to the fishing ground was observed for several species. Ocean perch and Greenland halibut from the northern North Sea and fatty fish species from the Baltic Sea and the English Channel south of Great Britain had higher contaminant concentrations compared to corresponding fishes from other fishing grounds. The temporal trends of dioxin concentrations in mackerel and ocean perch are discussed.Zusammenfassung: Die vorliegende Studie gibt einen aktuellen Überblick zur Belastungssituation von Fischen und Fischereierzeugnissen auf dem deutschen Markt mit polychlorierten Dibenzodioxinen, Dibenzofuranen und dioxinähnlichen PCB. Untersucht wurden vor allem Fische mit höheren Fettgehalten unter Berücksichtigung der für den deutschen Markt wichtigen Fanggebiete.Insgesamt wurden 32 Fischarten, 5 Krebs-und Weichtierarten und verschiedene typische Produkte analysiert. Die Gesamtgehalte (WHO-TEQ) in Fischen mit niedrigen und mittleren Fettgehalten lagen im Allgemeinen unter 1 ng WHO-PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ kg -1 Frischgewicht, Fische mit höheren Fettgehalten (> 10 %) lagen bei 1 -3 ng kg -1 . Bei einigen Fischarten konnte eine Abhängigkeit der Gehalte vom Fanggebiet nachgewiesen werden. Rotbarsch und Schwarzer Heilbutt aus dem Fanggebiet Tampen (nördliche Nordsee), sowie Fettfische aus der Ostsee und dem Seegebiet südlich von Großbritannien waren höher belastet als aus anderen Fanggebieten. Mögliche Veränderun-gen der Dioxinbelastungen im Vergleich zu den Untersuchungsergebnissen der Jahre 1995/97 werden am Beispiel Makrele und Rotbarsch diskutiert.
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