Carvedilol is β-blocker antihypertensive drug with low oral bioavaibility and short half time which causes the frequency of oral drug used more often or the oral dose might be increased. Transdermal patch with the matrix system can deliver drug through skin in controlled within specifi c time period and hopefully it can improve carvedilol bioavaibility and convenience for patients.The aim of research was to fi nd out the effect of polymer and penetration enhancer toward penetration characteristic of carvedilol transdermal patch matrix seen from kinetics release data and penetration data of carvedilol. The polymer ratio of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) : Ethyl cellulose (ES) polymers and Sorbitan Monolaurate (SM) as penetration enhancer concentrations used were F1 (1:1) / 8%, F2 (1: 1) /10%, F3 (2:1) /8%, F4 (2:1)/10%. Formula F1 did not pass in the organoleptictes so next test only carried out for formula F2, F3 and F4. The in vitro release of carvedilol showed formula F2, F3 and F4 lasted for 24 hours and the released kinetics of carvedilol followed the order of 0 and Higuchi. Carvedilol % cumulative from penetration test in vitro showed for F2, F3 and F4 formulas respectively were 15,384%, 16,495% and 18,287%.
Ketoprofen adalah obat golongan anti inflamasi non steroid yang dibuat dalam gel mikroemulsi untuk meminimalkan efek samping gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi gelling agent Natrium karboksimetilselulosa (Na CMC) dan rasio fase minyak Isopropil Miristat (IPM) dengan surfaktan (tween 80 dan span 80) terhadap sifat dan stabilitas fisik gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen. Gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen dibuat menjadi mikroemulsi ketoprofen yang kemudian ditambahkan gelling agent NaCMC dengan perbandingan rasio fase IPM : Surfaktan (Tween 80 dan Span 80) / NaCMC yaitu FI (1:5/3%), FII (2:5/3%), FIII (1:5/3,5%), FIV (2:5/3,5%). Gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen disimpan pada suhu 4°C, 25°C, 40°C selama 4 minggu dengan parameter sifat dan stabilitas fisik yang diuji setiap minggunya yaitu uji organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar dan daya lekat. Uji ukuran globul dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah penambahan NaCMC pada mikroemulsi ketoprofen. Penetapan kadar gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen ditetapkan dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Variasi rasio fase minyak isopropil miristat : surfaktan (tween 80 dan span 80) dan konsentrasi Na CMC mempengaruhi sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen yang terlihat dari organoleptis, homogenitas dan viskositas gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen selama 4 minggu penyimpanan di suhu 4°C,25°C,40°C. Gel mikroemulsi ketoprofen stabil secara fisik ketika disimpan pada suhu 25°C.
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