Increased oxidative stress may have a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease activity.

Serum malondialdehyde was measured in sixty-one falciparum malaria cases, which include thirty uncomplicated, and thirty-one complicated with acute renal failure. Twenty-six healthy individuals were also studied as controls. Serum malondialdehyde level was found to be significantly elevated in falciparum malaria induced acute renal failure cases when compared with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (p<0.001) and healthy controls (p<0.001). A positive correlation with the raised urea, creatinine and bilirubin levels were significant (r=0. 62, p<0.025; r=0.65, p<0.05 and r=0.72, p<0.001 respectively) indicating the severity of complication with rise of lipid peroxides in falciparum malaria induced acute renal failure cases.

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Background: Various hormonal parameters used to differentiate between different causes of pubertal disorders are invasive, cumbersome, and has variable sensitivity and specificity. Thus, the use of a noninvasive test like urinary gonadotropin for the diagnosis of pubertal disorders will offer a significant advantage. Objective: To study the role of urinary gonadotropins (uLH, uFSH) for the diagnosis of various pubertal disorders and in the monitoring of Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (GnRHa) therapy in patients with central precocious puberty (CPP). Materials and Methods: We evaluated 35 healthy children and 96 patients with disorders of puberty out of which 31 cases had early puberty and 65 cases had delayed puberty. We used Spearman's correlation coefficient to evaluate the correlation between the serum and urinary gonadotropins. We used Mann–Whitney U test (for 2 groups) and Kruskal–Wallis test (for > 2 groups) to compare the median urinary and serum gonadotropins of different groups. Results: The urinary gonadotropins correlated strongly with serum gonadotropins in both healthy controls and individuals with pubertal disorders. The uLH level of ≥0.76 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and specificity to differentiate CPP from peripheral precocious puberty, whereas uLH level of ≥1.07 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and specificity for differentiating CPP from PT. In patients with delayed puberty, uFSH of ≥20.51 IU/L had 94.7% sensitivity and 91.3% specificity for the diagnosis of Hyper-Hypo cases and uLH level of ≥0.5 IU/L had sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 85% to differentiate constitutional delay in growth and puberty from hypogonadotropic-hypogonadism. In CPP patients on GnRHa therapy, the uLH level of ≥0.13 IU/L had 100% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity to identify those who had nonsuppressed serum LH levels. Conclusion: The urinary gonadotropins can be used as a reliable noninvasive test for the diagnosis of various pubertal disorders and also for monitoring of CPP patients on GnRHa therapy.

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