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Serum malondialdehyde was measured in sixty-one falciparum malaria cases, which include thirty uncomplicated, and thirty-one complicated with acute renal failure. Twenty-six healthy individuals were also studied as controls. Serum malondialdehyde level was found to be significantly elevated in falciparum malaria induced acute renal failure cases when compared with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (p<0.001) and healthy controls (p<0.001). A positive correlation with the raised urea, creatinine and bilirubin levels were significant (r=0. 62, p<0.025; r=0.65, p<0.05 and r=0.72, p<0.001 respectively) indicating the severity of complication with rise of lipid peroxides in falciparum malaria induced acute renal failure cases.

Aminotransferase assay is often used as a screening test as well as an endpoint for resolution of disease in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship of transaminase level with metabolic variables and histology in NAFLD. Single center observational study was conducted in a gastroenterology clinic at Cuttack in coastal Odisha. Subjects were consecutive patients presenting with functional bowel disease and undergoing abdominal sonography. All participants were evaluated for the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin resistance, liver function test and lipid profile. Various parameters were compared between NAFLD subjects and controls. 53.5 % of NAFLD had normal serum transaminases, whereas 20.8 % of healthy controls had transaminitis. NAFLD patients had significantly higher BMI, fasting plasma glucose, serum transaminases, serum triglycerides, serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) IR than controls. NAFLD patients who had transaminitis had significantly higher incidence of MS and higher mean HOMA IR than those without. There was no significant difference in histopathological features between NAFLD with and without transaminitis. To conclude, over half of NAFLD subjects do not have transaminitis while transaminitis is present in a fifth of healthy people without fatty liver. Hence serum transaminase should not be used as screening test for NAFLD. NAFLD patients with transaminitis had a higher incidence of MS and insulin resistance than those without. However, there was no significant difference in histopathological features between these two groups.

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Background: Perinatal asphyxia contributes to almost 29% of neonatal deaths in developing countries as most of the deliveries occur in rural areas and are unattended. The outcome of most of the deliveries is not encouraging in spite of standard guidelines. Objectives: To study the different spectrum of clinical presentation of birth asphyxia and its biochemical derangements. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, hospital-based study conducted from September 2005 to March 2008 comprising of 58 term neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit with definite history suggestive of perinatal hypoxic insult. Compilation of history, clinical features, and relevant investigations (random blood sugar, serum creatinine, blood urea and serum electrolytes) were done, and the results were analyzed by using Medcalc software version 12. Results: Vaginal delivery was more common across all the stages. Abnormal neonatal reflex was a common feature in all babies except hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) I. Convulsion, mostly multifocal seizures was present in allHIE II babies where as only 22.2% babies had seizure in HIE III. Congestive heart failure (55.17%) and Oliguria was present in HIE III (77.8%) and 22 cases (37.9%) developed acute kidney injury. Hypoglycemia was observed with increasing severity of asphyxia (HIE III 26.67 ± 2.78). Serum urea, creatinine and potassium increased significantly in HIE III whereas calcium and sodium were decreased. Conclusion: The combination of clinical and supportive laboratory parameters can be used for monitoring of patients to guide early intervention to decreases morbidity and mortality.