RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da semeadura no outono/inverno de diferentes espécies: sorgo de cobertura (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense 'híbrido Cober Exp'), milheto forrageiro (Pennisetum americanum 'var. BN2'), capim-pé-de-galinha (Eleusine coracana) e braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha) para formação de palha (nas quantidades de 3,0 e 5,5 t ha
RESUMO -Os resíduos vegetais de uma cultura de cobertura de outono/inverno podem interferir na infestação das plantas daninhas das culturas de verão subseqüentes. Dessa forma, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da palha de híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor), associada ao uso do herbicida imazamox, no controle de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja (Glycine max), cv. 'Conquista', em sucessão, foi conduzido no ano agrícola 2000/2001 um experimento em Uberlândia-MG. Foram utilizados quatro tipos de cobertura: três provenientes de resíduos culturais de híbridos de sorgo (Sara, DKB 860 e Ambar) e uma sem restos vegetais (anteriormente sob pousio). Aos 24 dias após aplicação do herbicida, o controle das espécies Leonotis nepetifolia, Alternanthera tenella, Amaranthus hibridus, A. retroflexus, A. spinosus, Ipomoea grandifolia, Commelina benghalensis e Nicandra physaloides foi mais eficaz nas palhas dos híbridos Sara e Ambar, na ausência de imazamox, com porcentagens de controle de 40 e 41%, respectivamente. Quando associada a 15 g ha -1 de imazamox, a palha do Ambar resultou em melhor controle dessas espécies de plantas daninhas, com controle de 76%; e a 30 g ha -1 a palha do DKB 860 foi a mais eficaz, promovendo 85% de controle. Sem cobertura do solo, com 30 g ha -1 de imazamox obteve-se controle de 62,5%, e 47,5% com metade da dosagem. Os resultados indicaram variabilidade de controle em relação ao híbrido de sorgo estudado e a possibilidade de redução de dosagens do herbicida imazamox quando associado aos resíduos vegetais de sorgo. Palavras-chave:Sorghum bicolor, Glycine max, alelopatia, semeadura direta. ABSTRACT -Plant residues of a fall/winter coverage crop can influence weed infestation of the subsequent summer crops. This research was carried out to evaluate the effects of mulch from several sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) hybrids plus the herbicide imazamox on the control of the subsequent weed infestation of soybean crop (Glycine max cv. 'Conquista'). The experiment was carried out in the 2000/2001 crop year in Uberlândia, MG. Four types of mulch were used, three from sorghum hybrid residues (Sara, DKB 860 and Ambar) and one without residues (no previous winter crop). Twenty-four days after the application of imazamox, the control of the species
-The high degree of variability of the fungus
Palavras-chave: cerrado, cobertura morta, controle químico, manejo integrado, plantas daninhas, sistema de semeadura direta. ABSTRACT INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE AND AMOUNT OF CROP RESIDUES IN EFFICIENCY OF HERBICIDES APPLIED PRE-EMERGENCE IN SOYBEANThis work was conducted in the agricultural years 2003/04 and 2004/05, at the farm 'Três Marcos', Uberlândia, MG -Brazil to evaluate the effect of crop residues [coverage sorghum (hybrid Cober Exp), forage millet (var. BN2), finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and St. Lucia Grass (Brachiaria brizantha)] and two amounts of straw (3.0 and 5.5 t ha -1 in the first year and 3.5 and 5.8 t ha -1 , in the second year) in efficiency of herbicides (diclosulam and uimazaquin) applied pre-emergence in soybean, 'Cerrado' conditions. The efficiency of herbicides diclosulam and imazaquin was not affected by the straw at any amount. Associated to the straw coverage, it had best weed control. In the first year, after the soybean field was installed, Eleusine coracana became the major weed species in the finger millet plot.
This research was undertaken during 2003-2004 growing season to evaluate the effects of type [forage sorghum "hybrid Cober Exp" (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense), forage millet (Pennisetum americanum "var. BN2"), finger millet (Eleusine coracana), and St Lucia grass (Brachiaria brizantha)] and amount of straw cover (5.5 and 3.0 t ha(-1)) upon the emergence of Bidens pilosa, Chamaesyce spp., Amaranthus spp., and Commelina benghalensis, under field conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado, in the region of Uberlândia--MG. The control consisted additional treatment lacking the straw cover. Emergence of weed depended on the type and amount of straw cover, as well as the weed species. The lowest number of B. pilosa seedlings was found in the presence of forage sorghum straw; Chamaesyce spp. in the lack of straw; Amaranthus spp. in the presence of higher amount of forage sorghum and forage millet, and lower amounts of forage millet and Finger Millet. All the types and amounts of straw reduced the emergency of C. benghalensis, except at the lowest level of St Lucia grass and the lack of straw.
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