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In this paper, we advance the study of plithogenic hypersoft set (PHSS). We present four classifications of PHSS that are based on the number of attributes chosen for application and the nature of alternatives or that of attribute value degree of appurtenance. These four PHSS classifications cover most of the fuzzy and neutrosophic cases that can have neutrosophic applications in symmetry. We also make explanations with an illustrative example for demonstrating these four classifications. We then propose a novel multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method that is based on PHSS, as an extension of the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS). A number of real MCDM problems are complicated with uncertainty that require each selection criteria or attribute to be further subdivided into attribute values and all alternatives to be evaluated separately against each attribute value. The proposed PHSS-based TOPSIS can be used in order to solve these real MCDM problems that are precisely modeled by the concept of PHSS, in which each attribute value has a neutrosophic degree of appurtenance corresponding to each alternative under consideration, in the light of some given criteria. For a real application, a parking spot choice problem is solved by the proposed PHSS-based TOPSIS under fuzzy neutrosophic environment and it is validated by considering two different sets of alternatives along with a comparison with fuzzy TOPSIS in each case. The results are highly encouraging and a MATLAB code of the algorithm of PHSS-based TOPSIS is also complied in order to extend the scope of the work to analyze time series and in developing algorithms for graph theory, machine learning, pattern recognition, and artificial intelligence.

Objective The objective of this was to demonstrate the association of Inhibin α (INHα) c.‐124G>A and INHα‐c.‐16 C>T polymorphisms with altered sperm parameters in a selected male population of Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design & Settings In this pilot study, male subjects were stratified on the basis of the WHO criteria for altered sperm parameters; 83 (cases—altered sperm parameters) and 30 (controls—normal sperm parameters) subjects were included for analysis of INHα‐c.124G>A polymorphism and 88 (cases) and 38 (controls) were analysed for INHα ‐c‐16 C>T polymorphism. Genotyping of INHα‐c.‐124G>A and INHα‐c.‐16 C>T was performed by PCR‐RFLP, genotype distribution in Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated by binary logistic regression model. Results For the c.‐124G>A polymorphism in INHα gene, frequency of the three major genotypes in controls was: GG: 80.0%, GA: 20.0% and AA: 0% and in cases was: GG: 59.0%, GA: 30.2% and AA: 10.8%. The GG genotype was significantly associated with male infertility (P < .045, OR = 2.776, 95% CI = 1.025‐7.513) while the GA genotype was not significantly associated with infertility (P < .290 OR = 0.580, 95% CI = 0.211‐1.593). Frequency of mutant AA genotype was 10.8% in cases (altered sperm parameters) and absent (0%) in normal sperm parameter (controls). The frequencies of three major genotypes CC, CT and TT did not show any significant difference between cases and controls (P > .05). Conclusion The results from our study exhibited a significant association of c.‐124G>A polymorphism in the INHα gene promoter region with male infertility in the Pakistani population. A significant association of c.‐16 C>T polymorphism with male infertility, however, was not observed. Further large‐scale studies should be conducted to confirm this association.