Curly red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is widely cultivated using inorganic fertilizers which causes high production cost. Chili is value because of the level of spiciness. The level of spiciness of chili is determined by the level of capsaicin which is affected by nutrients in the growing media. Bio fertilizer and sludge biogas which is one of the organic fertilizer containing microbes and organic material that are able to support nutrien of the medium. This study aimed to measure capsaicin level and analyze the anatomy response of fruits in curly red chili which given by bio fertilizer and sludge biogas in various dosage. The study design used RCBD, the data analyzed by ANOVA at 95% confidence level. The highest capsaicin level were obtain on curly red chili which were given sludge biogas 36 mL + bio fertilizer 10 L /ha. The combination treatment of sludge biogas and bio fertilizer give the highest anatomical response ie thickness of leaves, thickness of parenchyme palisade, diameter of stele, siameter of metaxylem and thickness of pericarp.

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus Britton & Rose) is one type of cactus plant which is very potential as an ornamental plant and edible fruit. Flower is organ that play an important role in the process of breeding plants generatively. This reasearch aimed to study the anatomical structure of sepals and petals of red dragon fruit plants during flower development. The research stages included: sepals and petals sampling that held at various stages of flowering ; morphological observation (measurement length of sepals and petals); anatomical slides of sepals and petals cross section using the embedding method, anatomical observation and image capture of sepals and petals. The parameters observed were bud size, sepal length, petal length, sepal thickness, petal thickness, and tissue description composed. The results of this study indicated that buds have an increased development pattern. The increase in bud size is directly proportional to the stage of the bud. Sepal and petal are composed of epidermal tissue which form papillae, cryptophore stomata, secretory parenchyma space containing mucus, and tissues transport system is closed collateral.

Abstact Curly red chili (Capsicum sp.) is an important agricultural commodity in Indonesia. The pattern of conventional cultivation using inorganic fertilizers has caused high production costs. While the level of spiciness of chili determined by capsaicin levels is strongly influenced by nutrients in the growing media. Bio fertilizer and sludge biogas are the organic fertilizers proved to be able to increase the growth and productivity of rice plants. The aim of this study is analizing growth parameters and chlorophyll content, measure capsaicin levels in curly red chilli (which is given bio fertilizer and biogas sludge biogas in various dosage) and determine the optimum dose of the fertilizer. The study was conducted at an agricultural demonstration plot in Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan, Sleman. The study design used RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design). The data were analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Distance Test) at the 95% confidence level. The highest growth parameters was obtained on curly red chili plants which were given sludge biogas 36 mL + bio fertilizer 10 L / ha. Thus, it can be concluded that the most appropriate dose of curly red chili is 36 mL sludge biogas + bio fertilizer 10 L/ha.

Krisan merupakan tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam familia Acanthacea yang hidup pada dataran tinggi dengan iklim tropis atau sub tropis. Krisan digunakan sebagai obat herbal karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan alkaloid yang digunakan sebagai anti antibakteri, antiinflamasi, antioksidan. Berdasarkan pendekatan anatomi dapat diketahui bahwa tumbuhan mensintesis dan menyimpan senyawa bioaktif melalui sel-sel dan jaringan yang terspesialisasi. Salah satu sel, dan jaringan yang terspesialisasi untuk mensekresi metabolit sekunder adalah trikoma. Trikoma dapat dibagi menjadi trikoma glandular dan non glandular. Trikoma glandular dapat menyimpan dan mensekresi metabolit sekunder pada tumbuhan, sedangkan trikoma non glandular tidak dapat mensekresi metabolit sekunder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bentuk, dan jenis trikoma pada varietas krisan fiji kuning, fiji putih, jimla kuning, puspita nusantara dan barcadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode leaf clearing pada sepal dan petal bunga krisan, kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dengan optilab. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat lima jenis trikoma glandular dan dua jenis trikoma non glandular. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat tujuh tipe trikoma yang ditemukan pada lima varietas krisan yang diuji dan setiap varietas krisan memiliki jenis trikoma yang berbeda.