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The study confirms the observations of previous investigators who consider amnion transplantation an efficient therapeutic method for a multitude of eye diseases. The new method described in this report, guarantees patients' safety by using a validated new sterilisation process against infections that can be transmitted by human tissue. At present this method constitutes the only process available in Germany, and is approved by the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Products (BfArM) for the manufacture of human amnion transplants as a finished medical product.

Background: Patients requiring knee and hip revision arthroplasty often present with difficult anatomical situations that limit options for surgery. Customised mega-implants may be one of few remaining treatment options. However, extensive damage to residual bone stock may also be present, and in such cases even customised prosthetics may be difficult to implant. Small quantities of lost bone can be replaced with standard allografts or autologous bone. Larger defects may require structural macro-allografts, sometimes in combination with implants (allograft-prosthesis composites). Methods: Herein, we describe a process for manufacturing lesionspecific large structural allografts according to a 3D, fullscale, lithographically generated defect model. These macroallografts deliver the volume and the mechanical stability necessary for certain complex revisions. They are patient- and implant-matched, negate some requirements for additional implants and biomaterials and save time in the operating theatre by eliminating the requirement for intra-operative sizing and shaping of standard allografts. Conclusion: While a robust data set from long-term follow-up of patients receiving customised macro-allografts is not yet available, initial clinical experience and results suggest that lesion-matched macro-allografts can be an important component of revision joint surgery.

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